Face Development Flashcards
………… is formed following series of cell divisions.
Morula
The outer cell mass ………………… of the morula differentiates into the structures that
nourish the embryo.
Trophoblast cells
Accumulation of fluid within egg cell mass (morula, C) leads to development of …………….
Blastula
The initial, two layered …………. And …………embryonic disk is converted into three layered disk.
(epiblast and hypoblast)
Floor of amniotic cavity formed by the …………….. ………. of the bilaminar embryo.
ectodermal layer
A narrow groove terminating into a circular expression called the …………. ……
Primitive node
The primitive streak is the result of proliferation of the cells of ……….. (the later ectoderm).
Epiblast
………………. -conversion of the bilaminar embryo into trilaminar embryo
Gastrulation
The cells from the cranial part of the primitive streak known as primitive knot, migrate in the midline between ectoderm and endoderm up to the prechordal plate giving rise to the …………….
Notochord
The notochordal cells induce the overlying ectoderm to form neural plate that forms neural groove with ………. ……… ……….at its edges.
Neural crest cells
Interaction between the cells causes the ………….. ……….differentiate into paraxial, intermediate, and lateral plate of mesoderm
mesodermal cells
The paraxial mesoderm cells give rise to ………… into which dermatome (dermis), myotome (muscles), and sclerotome (bones) are differentiated.
Somites
The neural crest cells are ………… …….
multipotent cells
The enamel organ develops from the ………..
Ectoderm
The ectomesenchyme consists of ……… …….. …….. and ……………… cells.
neural crest cells and mesodermal cells
The migration of sufficient number of neural crest cells is essential for the normal growth of ….. region.
Head
The gradual appearance of …………….. ………… contributes to the development of the face and neck.
pharyngeal (branchial) arches
The conversion of two layered (epiblast and hypoblast) embryonic disk into three layered disk is known as ?
Gastrulation
…………………. adjoining the ………….. gives rise to pharyngeal arches.
Mesodermal proliferation and primitive pharynx
Out of six arches found, the ….. one disappears soon.
fifth
The first pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch) mesoderm gives rise to the ………….
Muscles
The first arch:
Mandibular nerve
Maxillary artery
Chorda tympani
The second arch:
Facial nerve
Stapedial artery
Third arch:
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Internal carotid arteries
Forth arch:
Superior laryngeal nerve
Arch of aorta
Sixth arch:
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
The pre-trematric nerve of this arch is the ……….. ……… ……..
chorda tympani nerve
The cartilage of the first arch
The Meckel’s cartilage
The cartilage of this arch
the Reichert’s cartilage
In the third pharyngeal arch mesoderm, ……………… muscle is formed and is supplied by the ……………… nerve
stylopharyngeus and glossopharyngeal
From the mesoderm of the ……. and ……… pharyngeal arches cartilages of the larynx are formed.
fourth and sixth
Of the pharyngeal clefts (ectodermal) the first one gives rise to ………… ………. ………….. and the remaining get submerged deep to the caudally growing second arch.
external acoustic meatus
The facial prominences, namely, …………. , ……….. , and …………. , gives rise to the formation of the face
frontonasal, maxillary and mandibular
The ……….. ……….. are formed in the frontonasal process as a result of ectodermal proliferation.
olfactory placodes
Olfactory epithelium is derived from the ……..
Placodes
The fusion of the prominences bounding the ………….. results in the formation of the face.
stomodeum
Frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular, gives rise to the formation of the ……
Face
The olfactory placodes are formed in the frontonasal process as a result of …………… ……………
ectodermal proliferation
The fusion of the prominences bounding the …………… results in the formation of the face.
Stomodeum
The palate is formed by the union of primary and secondary palates.
The primary palate being formed by the …………….. …………………The secondary by palatal process of ………………. ……………….
frontonasal process and maxillary prominences.
The tongue is the result of fusion of …………….. ……….., the lingual swellings (first arch) and copula (second arch) and cranial part of the hypobranchial eminence (third and fourth arches)
tuberculum impar
1-st arch
Anterior 2\3
The muscles of the tongue are formed in the occipital myotomes with their …………… ………….
hypoglossal nerve
Lingual swellings and Tuberculum impar form the following part of the tongue?
Anterior 2/3rd mucosa
The taste sensations of the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue are carried by ?
Chorda tympani nerve
The general sensory sensations of the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue are carried by ?
Lingual nerve
Muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus are supplied by?
Hypoglossal nerve
Cleft lip may be ……………. or ………… and may be associated with cleft palate.
unilateral or bilateral
Primary palate is formed by?
Frontonasal process
Failure of fusion of lateral lingual prominences may lead to
Bifid Tongue
Failure of fusion of maxillary process with lateral nasal process results in
Oblique facial cleft
