FABRIC COLOURATION AND DECORATION

Question 1

What are the focus Principles of Applying colour to fabrics? PADE

Answer 1

• Printing
• Appliqué
• Dyeing
• Embroidery

Question 2

What is Printing? (As a colouration technique)

Answer 2

Applying a pigment to the surface of a textile item/fabric in which to form a pattern.

Question 3

What are the principles of Dyeing: How do you make the solution for Dyeing fabrics and what is it called?

Answer 3

1. The quantity of dye is made by a combination of the dyestuff and the specific amount of water. (It is called the dye solution or dye liquor)

Question 4

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is the process called when the fabric is being pre-pared for dying?

Answer 4

Wetted out

Question 5

What are the principles of Dyeing: What does “wetting out” a fabric prior to being dyed do and how?

Answer 5

The fibres in the fabric swell and cause the polymers to move apart thus making the uptake of dye slower and easier. While also helping the fabric to dye evenly.

Question 6

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is the vessel which the dye solution is held called? (Two names)

Answer 6

1. Dye Bath

2. Vat

Question 7

What are the principles of Dyeing: What other ways can dye be applied? And why is water most often used?

Answer 7

• As an emulsion
• As a foam
  Water is most often used because it is the cheapest carrier of dye.

Question 8

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is usually used to assist in the dye’s uptake?

Answer 8

Agitation: as it allows the molecules to reach all parts of the fabric while also getting them to move around and break the molecules apart from one another.

Question 9

What are the principles of Dyeing: What process does the dye liquor go through once the fabric is immersed?

Answer 9

Migration

Question 10

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is migration?

Answer 10

Migration is where the dye molecules are attracted and move toward the textile fibre , yarn of fabric.

Question 11

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is exhaustion in relation to dyeing?

Answer 11

This is where the dye liquor looses its colour in return of the fabric, fibre or yarn gaining more colour.

Question 12

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is diffusion in relation to dying?

Answer 12

The process where the dye molecules move or diffuse into the amorphous regions of the textile.

Question 13

What are the principles of Dyeing: What is the process where the dye molecules are anchored to the amorphous regions or “dye sites” available?

Answer 13

Fixation

Question 14

What are the principles of Dyeing: What elements effects diffusion? (Give 2 answers) And how can the possibility of diffusion be increased?

Answer 14

Elements that effect diffusion:

1. The size of the dye molecule.
2. The Amorphous or crystalline structure of the fabric. (The amounts of dye sites available)

• The temperature of the solution
• Chemicals added to the dye solution

Question 15

What are the principles of Dyeing: What are mordants and what do they do?

Answer 15

Mordants are colourless metallic salts added to the textile before dying, helping to attract the dye molecules and set them in place.

Question 16

What are the NINE types of dye? (Dr B. Van Das

Answer 16

Direct
Reactive
Basis
Vat
Azoic
Natural
Disperse
Acid
Sulphur

Question 17

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Direct dyeing used for?

Answer 17

Cellulosic

Question 18

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Reactive dyeing used for?

Answer 18

Cellulosic, wool, silk, acrylic and nylon

Question 19

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Sulphur dyeing used for?

Answer 19

Cellulosic

Question 20

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Azoic dyeing used for?

Answer 20

Cotton and some polyesters

Question 21

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Vat dyeing used for?

Answer 21

Cellulosic

Question 22

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Acid dyeing used for?

Answer 22

Wool, silk, nylon, modified rayon, acrylic and polyester.

Question 23

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Basic dyeing used for?

Answer 23

Acrylic, Polyester, nylon and discharged prints on cotton.

Question 24

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Disperse dyeing used for?

Answer 24

Polyester and nylon and synthetic fibres.

Question 25

What fabrics, fibres and yarns is Natural dyeing used for?

Answer 25

Primarily used on natural fibres.

Question 26

What are the five stages of dying?

Answer 26

• Pre-fibre
• Fibre
• Yarn
• Fabric
• Product