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Physics > F5 > Flashcards

F5 Flashcards

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1
Q

resultant force

A

a single force that represents the vector sum of two or more forces acting on an object

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2
Q

resolution of forces

A

process of resolving a force into two components

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3
Q

equilibrium of forces

A

forces acting on an object produce a zero resulting force

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4
Q

elasticity

A

the property of an object to return to its original shape and size after the force applied on it is removed

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5
Q

hooke’s law

A

extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied on the spring provided the elastic limit of the spring has not been exceeded

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6
Q

frictional force

A

the force that oppose the motion of an object

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7
Q

Pressure

A

Force per unit area

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8
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

Pressure due to the weight of the layer of air acting on the surface of the Earth

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9
Q

Gas pressure

A

The force per unit area exerted by gas molecules as they collide with the wall of the container

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10
Q

Pascal’s Principle

A

Pressure applied on an enclosed fluid is transmitted uniformly is all directions in the fluid

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11
Q

Hydraulic system

A

A system that uses liquid to transmit pressure

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12
Q

Buoyant force

A

Force acting upwards on an object immersed in a liquid when there is pressure difference between the upper surface and lower surface of the object

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13
Q

Archimedes’ Principle

A

An object which is partially or fully immersed in a fluid will experience a buoyant force that is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced

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14
Q

Bernoulli’s Principle

A

When the velocity of the fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid decreases and vice versa

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15
Q

Electric field

A

Region around a charged particle where any electric charge in the region will experience an electric force

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16
Q

Electric field strength

A

Electric force acting on a unit of positive charge placed at a point

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17
Q

Current

A

Rate of flow of charge

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18
Q

Potential difference

A

Work done in moving one coulomb of charge from one point to another

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19
Q

Ohm’s law

A

The potential difference is directly proportional to the current provided that the physical conditions are kept constant

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20
Q

Ohmic conductors

A

Conductors that obey Ohm’s Law

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21
Q

Resistance

A

Ratio of potential difference across the conductor to the electric current flowing through it

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22
Q

Resistivity of a conductor

A

A measure of a conductor’s ability to oppose the flow of electric current

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23
Q

Superconductors

A

Material that conducts electricity without any resistance

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24
Q

Critical temperature

A

The temperature when the resistivity of a superconductor becomes zero

25
Q

Electromotive force

A

The energy transferred or work done by an electrical source to move one columb of charge in a complete circuit

26
Q

200V, 4000W on an appliance

A

200J of energy is needed by an electrical source to move one coulomb of charge in a complete circuit

27
Q

Internal resistance

A

The resistance caused by electrolyte in the dry cell

28
Q

Electrical energy

A

The ability of the electric current to do work

29
Q

Electric power

A

The rate of electrical energy transferred

30
Q

Catapult field

A

Resultant magnetic field produced by the interaction between the magnetic field from a CCC and the magnetic field from a permanent magnet

31
Q

Magnetic field

A

A region in the surrounding of a magnet which a magnetic material experiences a detectable force

32
Q

Electromagnetic induction

A

Production of an induced e.m.f in a conductor when there is relative motion between the conductor and a magnetic field or when the conductor is in a changing magnetic field

33
Q

Induced current

A

The current produced when there is a change in magnetic flux

34
Q

Lenz’s law

A

Induced current always flows in the direction which opposes the change of magnetic flux that causes it

35
Q

Faraday’s Law

A

The magnitude of induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of cutting of magnetic flux

36
Q

Transformer

A

An electrical device which increases or creases an alternating voltage based on the principle of electromagnetic induction

37
Q

Ideal transformer

A

Transformer that does not experience any loss of energy

38
Q

Thermionic emission

A

The emission of free electrons from a heated metal surface

39
Q

Cathode ray

A

Beams of electrons moving at high speeds in a vacuum

40
Q

Semiconductor diode

A

Electric component which allows electric current to flow in one direction only

41
Q

Rectification

A

The process of converting an alternating current into a direct current

42
Q

Full-wave rectification

A

Process where both halves of every cycle of an alternating cycle is made to flow in the same direction

43
Q

Transistor

A

An electric component which has 3 terminals

44
Q

Radioactive decay

A

Process in which an unstable nucleus becomes more stable by emitting radioactive radiation

45
Q

Alpha particle

A

Helium nucleus which consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons

46
Q

Beta particle

A

Fast-moving electron

47
Q

Gamma ray

A

High-frequency electromagnetic waves

48
Q

Half-life

A

The time taken for a sample of radioactive nuclei to decay to half of its initial number

49
Q

Nuclear energy

A

Atomic energy released during reactions such as radioactive decay, nuclear fission and nuclear fusion

50
Q

Nuclear fission

A

A nuclear reaction when a heavy nuclei splits into two or more lighter nuclei while releasing a large amount of energy

51
Q

Nuclear fusion

A

Nuclear reaction in which small and light nuclei fuse to form a heavier nucleus while releasing large amount of energy

52
Q

Chain reaction

A

A self-sustaining reaction in which the products of a reaction can initiate a similar reaction

53
Q

Black body

A

An idealised body that is able to absorb all electromagnetic radiation that falls on it

54
Q

Thermal radiation

A

Electromagnetic radiation that includes visible light and radiation that cannot be seen by the human eye such as infrared radiation

55
Q

Quantum of energy

A

Discrete energy packet and not a continuous energy

56
Q

Photoelectric effect

A

The emission of electrons from a metal surface when it is illuminated by a beam of light of a certain frequency

57
Q

Work function

A

The minimum energy required for photoelectron to be emitted from a metal surface

58
Q

Threshold frequency

A

The minimum frequency required to produce photoelectric effect on a metal

Physics (2 decks)

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