F4 Chapter 4: Mathematical Reasoning

Question 1

What are the two quantifiers?

Answer 1

All & Some

Question 2

Formula for statements that are combined with ‘And’

Answer 2

P     Q     P&Q
T      T     True
T      F     False
F      T     False
F      F     False

Question 3

Formula of statements that are combined with ‘Or’

Answer 3

P     Q     P&Q
T      T     True
T      F     True
F      T     True
F      F     Flase

Question 4

What is Implication 1?

Answer 4

If P then Q

P=Antecedent
Q=Consequent

Question 5

What is Implication 2?

Answer 5

P if and only if Q

Implication 1⃣: If P then Q
Implication 2⃣: If Q then P

Question 6

What is Converse?

Answer 6

The converse of an implication is the reverse statement of an implication which is not necessarily true.

Question 7

What is Type 1 Argument?

Answer 7

Premise 1: All A are B
Premise 2: C is A
Conclusion: C is B

Question 8

What is Type 2 Argument?

Answer 8

Premise 1: If P then Q
Premise 2: P is true
Conclusion: Q is true

Question 9

What is Type 3 Argument?

Answer 9

Premise 1: If P then Q
Premise 2: Not Q is true
Conclusion: Not P is true

Question 10

What is Deduction?

Answer 10

Deduction is the act of obtaining a Conclusion by using a Specific Case from a General Statement
Conclusion by deductive reasoning is always true

Question 11

What is Induction?

Answer 11

Induction is the act of obtaining a Conclusion by using a General Statement from a Specific Case
Comclusion by inductive reasoning is not always true

Question 12

What is a statement?

Answer 12

A statement is a sentence which is true or false, but not both