F-W

Question 1

false analogy

Answer 1

two cases are not sufficiently parallel to lead readers to accept a claim of connection between them; assuming without sufficient proof that if objects or processes are similar in some ways, then they are similar in other ways as well

Question 2

false dilemma

Answer 2

reducing an argument or issue to two polar opposite and ignoring any alternatives

Question 3

generalization

Answer 3

basing a claim upon an isolated example or asserting that a claim is certain rather than probable; asserting that a claim applies to all instances instead of only to some

Question 4

incongruity

Answer 4

The state of being out of place, unexpected, and/or unusual

Question 5

induction

Answer 5

reasoning by which a general statement is reached on the basis of particular examples

Question 6

invective

Answer 6

and emotionally violent denunciation or attack using strong abusive language

Question 7

inversion

Answer 7

the reversal of the normal Word order in a sentence or phrase

Question 8

juxtaposition

Answer 8

Device in which normally on associated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another creating an effect of surprise and wit

Question 9

local color

Answer 9

Device which tends to play special emphasis on a particular setting, including its customs, clothing, dialect and landscape

Question 10

logos

Answer 10

logical appeal, appeal to reason

Question 11

loose sentence

Answer 11

One in which the main clause comes first, followed by further dependent grammatical units

Question 12

narration

Answer 12

One of the four traditional forms of discourse; tells about a series of events

Question 13

non sequitir

Answer 13

literally “it does not follow”; using irrelevant proof to buttress a claim

Question 14

oversimplification

Answer 14

obscuring or denying the complexity of the issues in an argument

Question 15

oxymoron

Answer 15

a figure that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief raise such as jumbo shrimp or bittersweet

Question 16

paradox

Answer 16

a statement that appears self-contradictory, but yet reveals a kind of truth.

Question 17

parody

Answer 17

work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the wirter’s style

Question 18

pathetic fallacy

Answer 18

A faulty type of personification in which in animate aspects of nature, such as the landscape or the weather, are in effectively represented as having human qualities or feelings

Question 19

pathos

Answer 19

emotional appeal

Question 20

pedantic

Answer 20

and adjective that describes words, phrases or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish

Question 21

persuasion

Answer 21

The use of facts and feelings to draw one’s audience to into beliefs and actions

Question 22

polemic

Answer 22

hostile, and aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority or one opinion over all others

Question 23

polysyndeton

Answer 23

syntax using multiple conjunction’s, usually without commas, to represent items in a series

Question 24

post hoc, ergo propter

hoc

Answer 24

mistakenly inferring that because one event follows another they have a casual relation

Question 25

propaganda

Answer 25

The spread of ideas and information to further a cause

Question 26

pun

Answer 26

play on words

Question 27

qualifier

Answer 27

a Word or phrase that changes how absolute, certain or generalized a statement is

Question 28

rebuttal

Answer 28

an opposition to an assertion; it disproves the opposing argument

Question 29

red herring

Answer 29

an irrelevant issue used to draw attention away from the real issue

Question 30

refutation

Answer 30

when a writer musters relevant opposing arguments; an attack on an opposing view to weaken it, invalidate it, or make it less credible

Question 31

satire

Answer 31

A type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in and attempt to bring about a change

Question 32

straw man

Answer 32

A fallacious argument that misrepresent a position in order to make it appear weaker than it actually is, refuting this misrepresentation of the position, and then concluding that the real position has been refuted

Question 33

stream of consciousness

Answer 33

style of writing that portrays the inner workings of a characters mind

Question 34

telegraphic sentence

Answer 34

I sentence shorter than five words in length

Question 35

vernacular

Answer 35

The language spoken by the people who live in a particular locality

Question 36

warrant

Answer 36

a general principle

or assumption that establishes a connection between the evidence (supporting the claim)