F&E

Question 1

ICF

Answer 1

K
Mg
Phosphate (predominant anion)

Question 2

ECF

Answer 2

Na
Cl- (predominant anion
Ca

Question 3

types of ECF

Answer 3

interstitial fluids
transcellular (CSF, pericardial, pleura, digestive secretion, synovial, intraocular fl.)
intravascular f

Question 4

hyponatremia
-signs
food source
Nursing consideration
cause
lab value

Answer 4

signs: confusion, headache, nausea, and fatigue.
food: Canned food, bread, cured meat, cheese
-monitor lab, restrict fluid, increase food source or hypertonic IV sln, monitor pulse and resp rate, assess the skin, color, mucus membrane
caused by liver failure, excessive fluid intake, loss of Na thru NVD and kidney
<135

Question 5

hypernatremia
-signs

Nursing consideration
cause
lab value

Answer 5

-sticky mucus membrane, brain dmg, delusions, weight gain
NC: monitor lab, I and O, encourage fluid intake, NS to prevent if v&d, monitor pulse and resp rate, assess the skin, color, mucus membrane
caused by: diarrhea, vomiting-dehydration, fever (sweat)
>145

Question 6

hyperkalemia
-signs
food source
Nursing consideration
cause
lab value

Answer 6

signs: arrhythmia
food: banana, avocado, spinach, fish, potato, string beans
NS: monitor lab, I and O, resp rate, diet, administer lasix? provide fluid to prevent hypovolemia
cause: renal failure, XS K intake, dehydration
lab value: >5

Question 7

hypokalemia
-signs
Nursing consideration
cause
lab value

Answer 7

signs: arr.
cause: not enough K in diet, diuretics, V&D, HTN, CHF

Question 8

hypocalcemia
-signs
Nursing consideration
cause
lab value

Answer 8

signs: KIDNEY STONE, arrhythmia, weakness, absent reflex
NC: labs
cause: lack in diet, decd Vit. D, renal failure
value: <8.2

Question 9

hypocalcemia
-signs

lab value

Answer 9

signs: OSTEOPOROSIS, muscle spasms,, wakness, pins and needles
lab: >10.6

Question 10

hypomagnesemia
-signs
food

Answer 10

signs: muscle cramping, weakness, arrhythmia
food: spinach, whole grain, peanut, mackerel
1. 7 to 2.2 mg/dL

Question 11

hypermagnesemia sign

Answer 11

Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weakness

Question 12

hyperphosphatemia
normal range
food
fnc

Answer 12

3.4 to 4.5 mg/dl
eggs and meat
cell integrity

Question 13

hyperchloremia
normal range
food source
signs

Answer 13

96 and 106 milliequivalents of chloride per liter of blood (mEq/L)
food: green beans, fish, bread, cheese
forms CSF with Na
signs: fluid retention
--high BP
--muscle weakness, spasms, or twitches
--irregular heart rate
--confusion,

Question 14

magnesium
-fnc
toxic
food source

Answer 14

relaxes smooth muscles

• relaxes smooth muscles
• cause hypotension and diarrhea at toxic level
• chocolate

Question 15

minerals for action potential

Answer 15

Ca, Na, K

Question 16

lab values that indicate dehydration

Answer 16

elevated BUN and normal creatine (0.5 to 1.2mg/dl)

-specific gravity (1.00 to 1.03)

Question 17

factors that affect metabolic rate

Answer 17

hormone-thyroid
age
gender
body size and composition
psychological st
heredity
trying to maintain T

Question 18

renal diet

Answer 18

• low protein bc N hard on the kidney

- low salt