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FNP Boards > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Corneal Ulcer Presentation

A 
Soft contact lens wearer
Severe eye pain
Foreign body sensation
Tearing
Photophobia
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2
Q

Corneal Ulcer Physical Exam

A

Use penlight/slit lamp/fluorescein Whitish lesion on cornea

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3
Q

Corneal Ulcer Treatment

A

refer to ED

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4
Q

Herpes Keratitis Presentation

A 
Acute onset of unilateral sxs
Severe eye pain
Blurred vision 
Tearing
Photophobia
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5
Q

Herpes Keratitis Physical Exam

A

Fluorescein dye/strips
NOT SPLIT LAMP
Fern-like lines on cornea

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6
Q

Herpes Keratitis Treatment

A

Refer to ED

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7
Q

Corneal Abrasions Presentation

A

Severe eye pain
Tearing
Foreign body sensation
Round or irregular shaped abrasions on cornea

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8
Q

Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma Presentation

A 
Elderly
Acute onset severe eye pain
Headache
N/V
Halos around lights
Lacrimation
Decreased vision
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9
Q

Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma Physical Exam

A 
Mid/dilated oval pupil 4-6mm
Cloudy cornea
Cupping of optic nerve
Conjunctival inj
Increased lacrimation
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10
Q

Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma Treatment

A

Refer to ED

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11
Q

Optic Neuritis Presentation

A 
Caucasian women 20-30
Loss of visual acuity over hr-days
Central blind spot
Aphasia, parenthesis, abnormal gait
Fatigue
Increase temp worsens sxs
Recurrent episodes
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12
Q

Optic Neuritis Treatment

A

Refer to neurologist

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13
Q

Orbital Cellulitis Presentation

A 
Acute onset
Erythematous swollen eyelid
Proptosis
Eye pain with movement
Reduced EOMs 
Recent rhino sinusitis/URI
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14
Q

Orbital Cellulitis Treatment

A

Refer to ED

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15
Q

Retinal Detachment Presentation

A

Sudden onset of floaters
Flashes of light (photopsia)
Curtain vision

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16
Q

Retinal Detachment Treatment

A

Refer to ED

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17
Q

Blepharitis Presentation

A

Inflamed edges of eyelids
Irritated, itchy, scale
Assoc w/ dandruff, seborrheic derm, rosacea

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18
Q

Visual Fields of Confrontation

A

Peripheral vision

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19
Q

20/60 meaning

A

Patient can see at 20 feet what normal vision can see at 60

20
Q

Contact lens-related keratitis presentation

A 
Contact lenses irresponsible wearer
Acute onset
Red eye
Blurred vision
Tearing
Photophobia
Foreign body sensation
21
Q

Contact lens-related keratitis pharm treatment

A 
Topical ophthalmic abx 
Ciprofloxacin
Ofloxacin
Trimethoprim-polymyxin B
3-5x/day
22
Q

Eye pain prescription

A

Topical aculuar 1 gtt qid
Hydrocodone with acetaminophen
(use for 48 hours)

23
Q

Hordeolum (stye) presentation

A 
Acute onset 
Swollen, red, warm abscess of hair follicle and sebaceous gland of eyelid
Slow growing
May spontaneously rupture
H/o blepharitis
24
Q

Hordeolum (stye) treatment

A

Hot compress x 5-10 min bid-tid until drainage
Dicloxacillin or erythromycin PO qid if preseptal cellulitis
Refer to optho for I&D if needed

25
Q

Chalazion presentation

A 
Gradual onset
Small superficial nodule on upper eyelid
Feels like bead 
Discrete and movable 
Painless
Slow growing
May cause blurred vision
26
Q

Chalazion treatment

A

Refer to optho for I&D or corticosteroid inj

27
Q

Pinguecula presentation

A

Raised yellow to white, small round growth in bulbar conjuctiva
chronic sun exposure

28
Q

Pterygium presentation

A

Yellow triangular, wedge shaped thickening of conjunctive
Extends across cornea on the nasal side
Chronic sun exposure
Foreign body sensation

29
Q

Pterygium treatment

A

Refer to optho for weak steroid drops
Artificial tears for irritation
Sunglasses with UVAB protection

30
Q

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage Presentation

A

Sudden onset
Bright red blood in one eye
Painless
C/b coughing, sneezing, straining, anticoags, eye trauma

31
Q

Primary open-angle glaucoma presentation

A 
Elderly, Diabetics
African or Caucasian 
Gradual onset
Increased IOP >22
Peripheral vision lost first (missing words when reading)
Disc cupping
32
Q

How to check IOP?

A

Tonometer

33
Q

Normal IOP

A

8-22 mmHg

34
Q

Primary open angle glaucoma treatment

A

Betimol 0.5% drops (BB)
Latanoprost drops (prostaglandin)
Bronchospasm (c/i asthma, COPD), bradycardia (c/i HF, heart block)

35
Q

Anterior Uveitis Presentation

A

Insidious onset of eye pain
Conjunctival injection
No discharge like in conjunctivitis

36
Q

Anterior Uveitis Treatment

A

Refer to optho w/i 24 hours

37
Q

Blepharitis treatment

A

Johnson’s baby shampoo scrub
Erythromycin drops to eyelids bid
Warm compresses bid for itch/debris

38
Q

Age-related macular degeneration presentation

A 
Smokers
Elderly
Gradual or sudden onset
Painless 
Loss of central vision, peripheral intact
Straight lines distorted/curved
39
Q

Age-related macular degeneration treatment

A

Amsler grid

Refer to optho for lutein and zeanthin w/ zinc

40
Q

Sjörgen’s Syndrome presentation

A

AI disorder
Dry eyes
Dry mouth
Sxs > 3 months

Sandy/gritty sensation
Using artificial tears
Dental carries
Inflamed salivary glands

41
Q

Sjörgen’s Syndrome Treatment

A

Refer to rheumatology

42
Q

Ectropion

A

Eyelid turned out

May cause dry eye

43
Q

Entroption

A

Eyelid turned in

May cause irritation

44
Q

Causes of herpes keratitis

A

Herpes simplex self-inoculation from cold sore

Varicella zoster of trigeminal nerve (CN V)

45
Q

Diabetic retinopathy finding

A

Cotton wool spots

46
Q

Hypertensive retinopathy finding

A

Copper and silver wire arterioles

Nicking

47
Q

Cataracts presentation

A

Difficulty with glare esp at night
Halos around lights
Blurred vision

FNP Boards (3 decks)

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