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opb353-qut > eyelids > Flashcards

eyelids Flashcards

1
Q

4 layers of eyebrows

A

Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Muscle layer
Submuscular areolar layer

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2
Q

4 muscle acting on eye brows and function

A

Orbicularis oculi
* orbital portion → Firm lid closure, draws forehead skin medially, depresses

Corrugator
* Draws brows and lids medially

Frontalis
* Elevates brow, draws scalp forward

Procerus
* Draws brows and lids medially

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3
Q

what is tarsal plate and function

A

Dense connective tissue, primarily collagen

Gives structural rigidity
* Extend width of lids, curve
to fit contour of globe

Folds and furrows

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4
Q

how many folds of eyelids

A

superior palpebral sulcus
inferior palpebral sulcus
malar suclus
nasojugal sulcus

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5
Q

width and height of tarsla plate

A

width = 29mm
height = 10mm upper, 5mm lower

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6
Q

name of meibomian test

A

meibography

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7
Q

muscle of eyelid clsoing

A

OO
-orbital
-pretarsal
-preseptal
-marginal (riolan)
-lacrimal (horner)

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8
Q

what anchor oo to orbit

A

medial and lateral palpebral ligament

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9
Q

what muscle help meibomian secretion

A

-pretarsal
-marginal (riolan)

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10
Q

how many eyelash in upper and lower

A

100 up, 50 dowm

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11
Q

what is conjunctiva

A

muscous membrane

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12
Q

zone of conjunctiva

A

palpebral
-marginal
-tarsal
-orbital

fornix

bulbar
-limbal
-scleral

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13
Q

whta is plica semilunaris

A

fold of conjunctiva

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14
Q

describe rtery in eyelids

A

lateral and medial palpebral artery
-> form peripheral and marginal (palpebral) arcade [upper]
-> only marginal [lower]

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15
Q

lyphatic drainage

A

lateral: preauricular, parotid node
medial: submandibular node

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16
Q

what CN nerve is somatosensory nerve of eyelid

A

trigeminal (V)

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17
Q

eye lid nerve from big -> small

A

trigeminal
-ophthalmic -> lacrimal, supraorbital, supratrochlear (upper lid)
-maxillary ->infraorbital (lower lid)
-mandibular

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18
Q

function of eyelids

A

-mechanical defense
-prevent xerosis (dry eye)
-reduction of visual stimuli
-spread tear eveny
-corneal nutrition and gas exchange (contactlens)

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19
Q

normal growth cycle of cilia

A

3-5months, quicker when removed

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20
Q

why we blink when we touch eyelash

A

neural plexus

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21
Q

function o fcilia

A

protect ocualr surface, tear eveporatio reduction

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22
Q

what it the flaws of eyelash

A

trichiasis

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23
Q

length and width of palpebral aperture, and upper lid

A

length = 29mm, width = 9.5mm
1mm upper lid overlap

24
Q

exophthalmus and endolphthalmus

A

forward and backward protrusion of the globe

25
Q

where does lid contact

A

lid wiper, posterioir to marx’s line

26
Q

how lid maintain appositio to globe

A

-tarsal plate curve to contour globe
-muscle of riolan (marginal OO)
-medial and lateral palpebral ligament

27
Q

eyelid pressure on the globe

A

8.0+-3.4mmHg

28
Q

width of region of contact between lid margin and ocular surface

A

0.6+-0.16mm

29
Q

what is ectropian and entropian

A

lid margin turn away from or turn in to the globe

30
Q

lid wiper epitheliopathy

A

alteration to epithelial cell of lid margin

31
Q

how can we diagnose lid wiper epitheliopathy

A

lissamine green or rose bengal staining on lid wiper region

32
Q

what lid wiper epitheliopathy associate with

A

dry eye

33
Q

what muscle use for inferiioir eye opening

A

tarsal muscle only

34
Q

why upper lid follow globe movement

A

relatioship between levator and superiori rectus muscle

35
Q

what pretarsal, preseptal, and orbital OO involved in blink

A

pretarsal
-spontaneous and reflex blink
preseptal
-blink and sustained activity
orbital
-sustai activity

36
Q

what make lid close

A

gravity
relaxation of levator
contraction of OO

37
Q

what is it celled when levator relax but OO contract

A

reciprocal inhibition

38
Q

how uppr and lower eye lid move

A
  • Greater movement in upper lid than lower lid
  • Upper lid moves downwards, but slightly nasal
  • Lower lid primarily moves horizontally (nasally)
  • Closing phase faster than opening phase
39
Q

movement of eye when blink

A

Rotations

retraction
-draw back

40
Q

rotation of eye difference *

A

Rotations :
* Normal blinks
-Slight down and in movement
* Forced Blinks
-Large upward and outward movement
(Bell’s phenomenon)

41
Q

what is the condition that patient can’t close eye

A

bells palsy (facial nerve palsy)

42
Q

classes of lid closure *

A

voluntary
-bilateral (blink)
-unilateral (wink)

involuntary
-spontaneous
-reflex
-blepharospasm

43
Q

reflex vs spontaneous vs blepharospasm *

A

reflex - trigger by external stimulus
spontaneous - no external stimuli
blepharospasm - involuntary forcible eyelid closure

44
Q

type of reflex blink *

A

touch
dazzle
menace

45
Q

flex blink - touch (pathway) *

A

afferent = trigeminal nerve
efferent = facial nerve

46
Q

dazzle *

A

bright light
afferent=optic nerve
efferent=facial nerve

47
Q

menace *

A

thing that is likely to cause harm
afferent = optic nerve (more visual process)
efferent = facial nerve

48
Q

spontaneous*

A

no external stimuli, not require visual input -> maintain tear film

49
Q

frequency of spontaneous blink

A

14 blinks/min

50
Q

interblink

A

5 seconds

51
Q

what can affect blink rate

A

-contactlens

-age
-temp
-ocular dryness, stability of tear film
-visual task
-emotional stage
-light level
-neurological issue

52
Q

how neurological issue relate to spontaneous blink rate

A

increase dopamine level -> increase blink rate and vice versa

53
Q

type of spontaneous blink

A

complete
incomplete
twitch

54
Q

what is visual suppression*

A
  • Vision is suppressed during blink
  • Allows for smooth visual information
55
Q

what happen to eye lid when sleep

A

relax = levator na dtarsal
tonic stimulatio of OO

56
Q

what is t called when incomplete closure eyelid while sleeping

A

nocturnal lagophthalmus

opb353-qut (5 decks)

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