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eye infections > eye infections > Flashcards

eye infections Flashcards

1
Q

subconjunctival hemorrhage

A

red around the eye, benign

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2
Q

uveitis

A

inflammatory
autoimmune
use steroids to treat

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3
Q

when to never use steroids in the eye

A

HSV infection- causes blindness

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4
Q

symptoms of glaucoma

A

orbital swelling, corneal clouding, decreased vision, fixed/dilated pupil

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5
Q

blepharitis

A

eyelid infection or inflammation

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6
Q

dacrocystitis

A

lacrimal sac inflammation

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7
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva

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8
Q

is conjuctivitis infectious or allergic?

A

could be either

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9
Q

keratitis

A

cornea inflammation

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10
Q

cellulitis

A

inflammation of the skin to the subdermal tissues

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11
Q

symptoms of conjuctivitis

A

tearing, burning, erythema, discharge, crusting

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12
Q

what should be on the differential for possible conjunctivitis if blurry vision is present

A

uveitis, scleritis, glaucoma

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13
Q

when are cervial nodes palapable with conjunctivitis?

when are they not?

A

yes with viral, chlamydial, or bacterial

no with allergic

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14
Q

what kind of antibiotic is given to neonates at birth?

what does it prevent?

A

erythromycin

chlamydia and gonarrhea

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15
Q

most common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis in young children

A

s. pneumoniea or H. flu

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16
Q

most common cause of viral conjunctivitis

A

adenovirus (but consider HSV, HZV, and EBV)

17
Q

is MORNING crusting more common with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis

A

viral

18
Q

most common corneal infection in the US

A

HSV keratitis

19
Q

what cranial nerve is affected with HSV keratitis

A

CN 5

20
Q

what drugs treat HSV keratitis

A

acyclovir and valacyclovir

21
Q

can you treat HSV keratitis with steroids?

A

not unless your an opthmology pa- timing is crucial to prevent bacterial superinfection or scarring

22
Q

what indicates eye involvement in an HZV reactivation

A

lesion at the tip of the nose- Hutchinson sign

23
Q

treatment for HZV

A

acyclovir or valacyclovir

24
Q

what cranial nerve is affected with chorioretinitis

A

CN 2

25
Q

most common causes of chorioretinitis

A

CMV and toxoplasmosis

26
Q

characteristic sign of chorioretinitis on exam

A

flame hemorrhages and patches

27
Q

which STIs cause bacterial conjunctivitis- need referral

A

N. gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis

28
Q

most common bacteria that cause bacterial conjunctivits

A

S. pneumo, S. aureus, S. epidermis, M. catarrhalis, Proteus, E. COli, Klebsiella

29
Q

is bacterial conjunctivitis most commonly unilateral or bilateral

A

unilateral initially, spreads to second eye within 24-48 hours

30
Q

when does bacterial conjunctivitis present with photophobia?

A

chlamydia

31
Q

what is the treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis

A

topical antibiotics- TMP/polymixin B drops and erythromycin ointment

32
Q

when is a stat opthamology referral required for bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

If suspected gonorrhea or chlamydia

33
Q

what treatment should be given for chlamydia or gonorrhea resulting in bacterial conjuctivitis?

A

ceftriaxone AND azithromycin

34
Q

common causes of orbital cellulitis

A

staph, strep, H. flu, anaerobes, and pseudomonas.

In diabetics, often fungal- mucor or aspergillus

35
Q

what is orbital cellulitis?

A

an infection of the fat and muscles around the eye, posterior to the orbital septum. It may begin suddenly or be a result of an infection that gradually becomes worse. it is generally associated with sinus of other local infection

36
Q

what is proptosis

A

when the eyeball is pushed forward

37
Q

what is opthalmoplegia

A

paralysis or weakness of the eye muscles

38
Q

symptoms of orbital cellulitis

A

proptosis, opthalmoplegia, edema, erythema, headache, and fever

39
Q

preseptal cellulitis

A

anterior to orbital septum, usually associated with trauma, no proptosis

eye infections (1 decks)

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