Eye Infections Flashcards
This is the most common cause of conjunctivitis
Adenovirus
This virus can cause a severe form of keratitis known as stromal keratitis
Herpes Simplex VIrus
Retinitis caused by this virus has been described as an end-stage disease in AIDS patients.
Cytomegalovirus
Recrudescence of this virus can cause ocular complications and outbreaks that have sharp lines of demarcation.
VZV
These three viruses can cause acute epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis.
Enterovirus, Coxsackie virus, and Adenovirus
Inclusion conjunctivitis, trachoma, and neonatal conjunctivitis can all be caused by this bacterial species.
Chlamydia trachomatis
Different serotypes are responsible for IC vs. trachoma, and these have different transmission routes and epidemiology
Keratitis caused by this bacterial species is associated with use of soft contact lenses.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
The spread of a sinus infection to tissues surrounding the eye is the most common cause of:
Orbital cellulitis
Endophthalmitis is usually a complication of eye surgery caused by normal flora, but this species is associated with liver abscesses and endogenous endophthlamitis.
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Toxoplasma gondii can be a congenital infection or
acquired in this way
Ingestion
Keratitis from this fungal pathogen is usually rare, but was responsible for an epidemic related to a contact lens storage/disinfecting solution.
Fusarium solani
The inflammatory response to microfilariae from this nematode can eventually lead to keratitis.
Onchocerca volvulus
Keratitis caused by this protozoan is often misdiagnosed and should be suspected when chronic keratitis does not respond to therapy.
Acanthamoeba
Although it is rare, symptoms similar to macular degeneration may develop years after infection with this organism.
Histoplasma capsulatum
Red, swollen eyelids, a gritty sensation, and crusted eyelashes suggest this type of eye infection.
blepharitis
Ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) is defined as conjunctivitis that occurs during this time period
first 28 days of life
Trachoma is characterized by corneal scarring due to prolonged abrasion of the cornea by at least one of these.
Eyelashes
Epithelial keratitis caused by HSV is characterized by observing this (with staining) on the corneal epithelium
Dendritic ulcers
*These are linear, branching structures with bulbs at the end
A site in which inflammation in response to a pathogen is often suppressed by various mechanisms is either immune privileged or immune deficient
Immune privileged
Either conjunctivitis or keratitis is associated with pain, photophobia, and decreased/impaired vision.
keratitis
An infection on the outer eyelid margin that forms a painful bump that usually resolves in a few days is either a stye or a chalazion.
Stye
The WHO SAFE strategy applies to either inclusion conjunctivitis or trachoma.
Trachoma
Either Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis causes a rapidly destructive form of neonatal conjunctivitis that usually appears 24-48 hours after birth and is often bilateral.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
This virus can cause several types of eye infection and is the most common cause of sporadic fatal encephalitis in the US.