Eye in Systemic Disease

Question 1

List clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy

Answer 1

Microaneurysms
Dot and blot haemorrhages
Hard exudate
Cotton wool patches
'Salt and pepper' rubeosis iridis (late stage)

Question 2

List causes of visual loss in diabetic retinopathy

Answer 2

Vitreous haemorrhage

Retinal detachment

Question 3

List the classifications of retinopathy

Answer 3

1. none
2. mild
3. moderate
4. severe
5. proliferating

Question 4

List the classifications of maculopathy

Answer 4

1. none
2. observable
3. referable
4. clinically significant

Question 5

Outline management options for diabetic retinopathy

Answer 5

Laser
Vitrectomy
Rehab

Question 6

List the characteristic features of hypertensive retinopathy

Answer 6

Cherry red spot
Dramatic fundus
Swelling of retinal nerve fibres
Painless disturbance in vision

Question 7

List signs of thyroid eye disease

Answer 7

Proptosis
Swelling of muscles
Lid retraction
Lid lag
Pigmentation
Oedema

Question 8

Outline management for thyroid eye disease

Answer 8

Contro disease
Lubricants
Surgical decompression