Eye conditions and evaluation Flashcards
A confluence of blood vessels
arcade
What type of fluid is in the posterior chamber of the eye?
Vitreous Humor
fluid in the eye, found between the cornea and the lens
Aqueous Humor
progressive, drain is clogged and slowed but still flowing
Open Angle Glaucoma
What is the flow of aqueous humor
Ciliary body=> posterior chamber=> pupil=> anterior chamber=> trabeculae=> scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm)=> vein
there is a structural failure of the iris. The iris is collapsed forward and stops the flow. what is this?
closed angle glaucoma
Visual input from rods and cones, contrast (acuity), accommodation, light reflex
CN II Optic nerve (S)
Innervation for: Superior, inferior and medial rectus, and inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris, constrictor (sphincter) pupilae, ciliary m. (for accommodation)
CN III Oculomotor (M)
Provides sensory from cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, lacrimal gland, eye lids, iris (dilation)
CN V Trigeminal V1, V2 (B)
Innervates Lateral rectus Mm
CN VI Abducens (M)
Orbicularis oculi innervation
CN VII Facial (M)
This provides the fine tuning for light to hit the right spot
Lens
Broad refraction of light to direct to the lens
Cornea
Name the 4 most common vision problems
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
Inflammation of the eyelid, and lid margin
Occurs at Meibomian gland (eyelashes)
Most often occurs in people with allergies, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, oily skin, dandruff, or dry eyes
Blepharitis
Blepharitis can lead to what 4 things
Excess tears, flaking, crusting, redness
If untreated can lead to an erosion of the eye lashes.
Eye lashes contribute to the overall health of the eye which leads to issues spreading tear film and other dryness issues of your eye
Complications of Blepharitis
Blepharitis treatment options are?
Gently clean lids & lashes with warm water & baby shampoo
Antibiotics when needing to clear up infection
Corticosteroid eyedrops with severe inflammation
Lower eyelid turns outward, and doesn’t completely touch/cover the eye
* mostly in elderly, due to lax lid muscles * can also occur secondary to scars on or near lid, or due to facial nerve palsy
Ectropion
Ectropion Treatment?
If mild, artificial tears or lubricating ointment will work
If worse, surgery to reposition lower eyelid
Eyelid (usually the lower eyelid) and eyelashes turn inward towards eye, causing the lashes to rub against cornea and conjunctiva
Entropion
Entropion treatment is?
Soothing eyedrops/artificial tears
Tape applied to lid to pull it down towards cheek underneath
Surgery to tighten up the lid
-Painful, tender, red, pus‐filled infection of the glands
(Zeis, Moll, meibomian) at the base of the eyelashes
-Often secondary to blepharitis
-Looks like a pimple or boil pointing on lid margin
-Only ever at the eye lid margins because they are from meiboian glands that makes oil for your eye lash.
Stye (Acute Hordeolum*)
Stye Treatment?
Don’t squeeze the stye
As soon as a stye begins to form, apply clean, warm washcloth compress several times a day until stye comes to a head and opens
Once the stye opens, wash eyelid thoroughly to prevent bacteria from spreading
Recurrence may require antibiotic tablets or ointment