Eye Anatomy & Terms

Question 1

Vascular layer of the eye between the retina and sclera, providing nutrients to the outer layers of the retina.

Answer 1

Choroid

Question 2

Mucous membrane covering the outer surface of the eyeball (except the cornea) and inside surface of the eyelids.

Answer 2

Conjunctiva

Question 3

Eye rotation away from the midline.

Answer 3

Abduction

Question 4

Ocular end of the optic nerver.

Answer 4

Optic disc

Question 5

Clear fluid that fills the space in the eye between the cornea and the lens; maintains intraocular pressure and provides nourishment to the cornea, iris, and lens.

Answer 5

Aqueous humor

Question 6

Almond-shaped gland located above the eyeball in the upper outer region that produces tears.

Answer 6

Lacrimal gland

Question 7

Pigmented tissue behind the cornea that gives the eye its color and allows light to enter the eye by controlling the size of the pupillary opening; part of the uveal (middle) layer of the eye.

Answer 7

Iris

Question 8

The eyeball; a sensory organ that uses light to transmit visual information to the brain; 3 major layers in the globe include corneo-sclero, uvea, and retina.

Answer 8

Globe

Question 9

Large mucous glands in the conjunctiva that secrete mucin, a component of pre-corneal tear film; can be damaged in dry eye syndrome.

Answer 9

Goblet cells

Question 10

The central part of the macula that produces the sharpest vision.

Answer 10

Fovea

Question 11

Black circular opening in the center of the iris that varies in size to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye.

Answer 11

Pupil

Question 12

Particles that float in the vitreous, casting shadows on the retina and appearing as spots.

Answer 12

Floaters

Question 13

Non-seeing area within every visual field; caused by absence of photoreceptors where the optic nerve enters the eye.

Answer 13

Blind spot

Question 14

Structure covering the front of the eye that protects it, limits the light entering in, and distributes the tear film over the corneal surface.

Answer 14

Eyelid

Question 15

Transparent front of the eye covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber; provides the bulk of the eye’s optical power.

Answer 15

Cornea

Question 16

Passage of aqueous fluid through the anterior chamber angle structures.

Answer 16

Aqueous flow

Question 17

Tissue in the eye that is involved in lens accommodation, intraocular pressure control, and producing the aqueous.

Answer 17

Ciliary body

Question 18

sense organ for sight

Answer 18

Eye

Question 19

Central area of the retina; provides central vision used for reading and seeing fine detail

Answer 19

Macula

Question 20

Space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous.

Answer 20

Posterior chamber

Question 21

Oil gland in the eyelid tissue that secretes the outer portion of the tear film; prevent rapid tear evaporation and tear over flow.

Answer 21

Meibomian gland

Question 22

Space between the iris and innermost corneal surface that is filled with fluid

Answer 22

Anterior chamber

Question 23

(24) Eye rotation toward the midline

Answer 23

Adduction

Question 24

(26) Narrow anterior chamber angles that prevent aqueous drainage

Answer 24

Narrow angle glaucoma

Question 25

(27) Area where the cornea joins the sclera and the bulbar conjunctiva attaches to the eyeball.

Answer 25

Limbus

Question 26

(28) Structure inside of the eye at iris-scleral junction of the anterior chamber angle that filters aqueous fluid and controls its exit from the eye through Schlemm’s canal.

Answer 26

Trabecular meshwork

Question 27

(29) Opaque protective layer of the eye (the white) that connects to the cornea and the sheath of the optic nerve.

Answer 27

Sclera

Question 28

(30) Pigmented vascular layers of the eye (iris,ciliary body, and choroid) that contain most of the eyes blood vessels.

Answer 28

Uvea

Question 29

(31) Tear drainage channel from the lacrimal sac to the mucous membrane of the nose

Answer 29

Nasolacrimal duct or tear duct

Question 30

(33) Specialized retina cells that is a light-sensitive receptor in low-light levels

Answer 30

Rods

Question 31

(34) Socket; cranial cavity of the skull that contains the eyeball

Answer 31

Orbit

Question 32

(35) Ability of the eye to receive and transmit light images to the brain, where they are interpreted; the ability to see

Answer 32

Vision

Question 33

(36) Measurement that assesses the eyes ability to distinguish details and shape

Answer 33

Visual acuity

Question 34

(37) Light sensitive tissue in the eye that converts images into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve to interpret as vision

Answer 34

Retina

Question 35

(38) Lettered chart for measuring visual acuity; usually tested at 20ft (hence, 20/20 vision)

Answer 35

Snellen

Question 36

(39) Transparent gelatinous mass that fills the back two-thirds of the eyeball between the lens and retina.

Answer 36

Aqueous