Eye Anatomy & Terms Flashcards
Vascular layer of the eye between the retina and sclera, providing nutrients to the outer layers of the retina.
Choroid
Mucous membrane covering the outer surface of the eyeball (except the cornea) and inside surface of the eyelids.
Conjunctiva
Eye rotation away from the midline.
Abduction
Ocular end of the optic nerver.
Optic disc
Clear fluid that fills the space in the eye between the cornea and the lens; maintains intraocular pressure and provides nourishment to the cornea, iris, and lens.
Aqueous humor
Almond-shaped gland located above the eyeball in the upper outer region that produces tears.
Lacrimal gland
Pigmented tissue behind the cornea that gives the eye its color and allows light to enter the eye by controlling the size of the pupillary opening; part of the uveal (middle) layer of the eye.
Iris
The eyeball; a sensory organ that uses light to transmit visual information to the brain; 3 major layers in the globe include corneo-sclero, uvea, and retina.
Globe
Large mucous glands in the conjunctiva that secrete mucin, a component of pre-corneal tear film; can be damaged in dry eye syndrome.
Goblet cells
The central part of the macula that produces the sharpest vision.
Fovea
Black circular opening in the center of the iris that varies in size to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye.
Pupil
Particles that float in the vitreous, casting shadows on the retina and appearing as spots.
Floaters
Non-seeing area within every visual field; caused by absence of photoreceptors where the optic nerve enters the eye.
Blind spot
Structure covering the front of the eye that protects it, limits the light entering in, and distributes the tear film over the corneal surface.
Eyelid
Transparent front of the eye covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber; provides the bulk of the eye’s optical power.
Cornea
Passage of aqueous fluid through the anterior chamber angle structures.
Aqueous flow
Tissue in the eye that is involved in lens accommodation, intraocular pressure control, and producing the aqueous.
Ciliary body
sense organ for sight
Eye
Central area of the retina; provides central vision used for reading and seeing fine detail
Macula
Space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous.
Posterior chamber
Oil gland in the eyelid tissue that secretes the outer portion of the tear film; prevent rapid tear evaporation and tear over flow.
Meibomian gland
Space between the iris and innermost corneal surface that is filled with fluid
Anterior chamber
(24) Eye rotation toward the midline
Adduction
(26) Narrow anterior chamber angles that prevent aqueous drainage
Narrow angle glaucoma
(27) Area where the cornea joins the sclera and the bulbar conjunctiva attaches to the eyeball.
Limbus
(28) Structure inside of the eye at iris-scleral junction of the anterior chamber angle that filters aqueous fluid and controls its exit from the eye through Schlemm’s canal.
Trabecular meshwork
(29) Opaque protective layer of the eye (the white) that connects to the cornea and the sheath of the optic nerve.
Sclera
(30) Pigmented vascular layers of the eye (iris,ciliary body, and choroid) that contain most of the eyes blood vessels.
Uvea
(31) Tear drainage channel from the lacrimal sac to the mucous membrane of the nose
Nasolacrimal duct or tear duct
(33) Specialized retina cells that is a light-sensitive receptor in low-light levels
Rods
(34) Socket; cranial cavity of the skull that contains the eyeball
Orbit
(35) Ability of the eye to receive and transmit light images to the brain, where they are interpreted; the ability to see
Vision
(36) Measurement that assesses the eyes ability to distinguish details and shape
Visual acuity
(37) Light sensitive tissue in the eye that converts images into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve to interpret as vision
Retina
(38) Lettered chart for measuring visual acuity; usually tested at 20ft (hence, 20/20 vision)
Snellen
(39) Transparent gelatinous mass that fills the back two-thirds of the eyeball between the lens and retina.
Aqueous
