Eye

Question 1

Aqueous Humor

Answer 1

• clear, watery fluid found in the anterior chamber of the eye

Question 2

Pupil

Answer 2

• hole in the center of the eye where light passes through the eye

Question 3

Cornea

Answer 3

• the transparent tissue that covers the front of the eye

- no blood vessels, but has nerves

Question 4

Iris

Answer 4

• circular band of muscles that control the size of the pupil and give color to the eyes

Question 5

Lens

Answer 5

• the transparent part that bends light passing through

Question 6

Vitreous Humor

Answer 6

• clear, jelly fluid that is located in the back portion of the eye and helps maintain the shape of the eye

Question 7

Sclera

Answer 7

• protective coating on the back of the eye

Question 8

Tapetum

Answer 8

• it reflects visible back through the retina and increases the light available to light receptors

Question 9

Optic Nerve

Answer 9

• transmits electric impulses from the retina to the brain

- impulses from rods and cones passtrhough nerve cells

Question 10

Blind Spot

Answer 10

• where the retina connects

- no images can be detected

Question 11

Photoreceptors

Answer 11

• two special types of nerve cells:

- rods and cones

Question 12

Rods

Answer 12

• function in dim light

- perceive shades of gray

Question 13

Cones

Answer 13

• function in bright light

- provides sharp, colorful images

Question 14

Types of Cones

Answer 14

• work together to interpret more than just red, green, and blue
• each type is sensitive to a different range of wavelengths of light

Question 15

Malfunction in Cones

Answer 15

• color defeciency

- color blindness

Question 16

Death Perception

Answer 16

• ability to judge the relative distance between objects in 3-D
• one eye: field of vision appears 2-D
• two eyes: eyes see and brain processes different views of the same object

Question 17

Accomodation

Answer 17

• cornea and lens focus light on the retina
• combination of reflex actions by which the lens of the eye changed to keep the focal length distance between the center of the lens and its focal constant

Question 18

Cornea and Lens Accomodation

Answer 18

• cornea does most work but cannot change shape

- fine adjustments are carried out by the lens

Question 19

Astigmatism

Answer 19

• lens or cornea is iregularly shaped which causes incoming light rays to reflecct and converge improperly because they don’t focus on a specific point on the retina
• results in a blurry or disorted image

Question 20

Correcting Astigmatism

Answer 20

• eyeglasses, contacts, refractive surgery

Question 21

Blind Spot

Answer 21

• optic nerve exits eye at retina to brain
• no receptors that respond to light = image there can’t be seen
• brain ignores hole - eyes are always on the move

Question 22

Peripheral Vision

Answer 22

• ability to see things outside the direct line of vision
• rods are responsible because of proximity to edge of retina
• better for detecting movement than processing sharp images
• stronger in the dark

Question 23

Optical Illusions

Answer 23

• visual tricks
• visual cortex of the brain deciphers images sent from the eye however surrounding objects, intesnse colors, distortions of expected patters and preconceptions can cause the mind to see and interpret an image differently

Question 24

Afterimages

Answer 24

• optical illusions that occur when looking away after intently looking at a fixed imageor colri
• constant light stimulates the retina which causes cones to become fatigued
• less-stimulated cones aren’t fatigued so they still function and produce negative images

Question 25

Retina

Answer 25

• tissue located on the back of the eye that contains photoreceptors that are responsive to light
• possesses two types of nerve cells called photoreceptors