Eye

Question 1

State one side effect of using gels/ointments/drops

Answer 1

Transient blurred vision

Question 2

What is the expiry date once gels/ointments/drops are used

Answer 2

28 days

Question 3

State a preservative used in eye care

Answer 3

Benzalkonium chloride

Question 4

State TWO side effects of benzalkonium

Answer 4

Stinging and irritation

Question 5

Which TWO drugs can stain contact lenses

Answer 5

Rifampicin and Sulfasalazine

Question 6

What colour does rifampicin stain contact lenses

Answer 6

Red

Question 7

What colour does sulfasalazine stain contact lenses

Answer 7

Yellow/Orange

Question 8

What are the TWO treatments for dry eyes and frequency

Answer 8

Hypromellose - OD every hour
Carmellose - OD QDS

Question 9

What is the tx for conjunctivitis

Answer 9

Chloramphenicol

Question 10

What is the tx for viral conjunctivitis associated with herpes simplex

Answer 10

Aciclovir 5 times a day until 3 days after healing

Question 11

What is the tx for blepharitis

Answer 11

Hygiene measures
Chlorampenicol oint on eyelid
Fusidic acid cream for staph infections

Question 12

What are the TWO side effects of topical corticosteroids

Answer 12

Cataracts
Steroid glaucoma

Question 13

What is the tx for corneal ulcers

Answer 13

Intensive course with ciprofloxacin eye drops - OD one drop every 15 minutes for the first 6 hours

Question 14

Give one major interaction with phenylephrine

Answer 14

MAOIs
Risk of hypertensive crisis

Question 15

What is glaucoma

Answer 15

Raised intra ocular pressure

Question 16

What are the 1st line txs for glaucoma

Answer 16

B blocker eye drops (Timolol)
Prostaglandin analogue eye drops (Latanoprost)

Question 17

State one contraindication of b blocker eye drops

Answer 17

Asthma - risk of bronchospasm

Question 18

Where do you store latanoprost

Answer 18

Fridge (2-8 degrees)

Question 19

State side effects of prostaglandin analogues

Answer 19

Dry eyes
Ocular discomfort
Change eye colour (darker)
Thicken/lengthen lashes

Question 20

What are the 2nd line tx’s for glaucoma

Answer 20

Symapthomimetic drops (Brimonidine)
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors drops (Brinzolamide)
Acetazolamide (orally)

Question 21

What are the symptoms of closed angle glaucoma (medical emergency)

Answer 21

cloudy/hazy eyes
rainbow coloured lights
blurred vision
intense eye pain
vomiting
headache

Question 22

Which 4 drug classes reduce blink rate

Answer 22

Anxiolytics
hypnotics
antihistamines
muscle relaxants

Question 23

How can isotetrinoin affect contact lens wear

Answer 23

Causes conjunctival inflammation

Question 24

How can aspirin affects contact lens wear

Answer 24

Salicylic acid absorbed into tears leading to irritation

Question 25

What is Lodoxamide used for

Answer 25

Allergic conjunctivitis including seasonal

Question 26

Who can Lodoxamide 0.1% eye drops be sold to

Answer 26

Adults and children 4+ for allergic conjunctivitis

Question 27

What is nepafenac eye drops used for

Answer 27

Prophylaxis and tx of post op pain and inflammation with cataract surgery Reduction in risk of post of macular oedema with cataract surgery in diabetic pts

Question 28

What is conjunctivitis and blepharitis usually caused by

Answer 28

staph

Question 29

What drugs are effective against pseudonomas aeriginosa

Answer 29

Gentamicin Tobramycin Quinolones

Question 30

what rare side effect is associated with ciprofloxacin eye drops

Answer 30

Ear pain

Question 31

Which quinolone eye drop can cause tongue and oropharangeal swelling

Answer 31

Ofloxacin

Question 32

State 3 common side effects of chloramphenicol

Answer 32

angioedema eye stinging bone marrow disorders fever skin reactions

Question 33

State the risk factors of glaucoma

Answer 33

Age, ethnicity, T2DM, family hx, corticosteroid use, HTN, CVD

Question 34

What age does age-related macular degeneration occur

Answer 34

55 +