Extreme Environments

Question 1

Arid

Answer 1

Having little or no rain

Question 2

Rainshadow

Answer 2

An area having relatively little precipitation due to the effect of a barrier, such as a mountain range

Question 3

Permafrost

Answer 3

A thick layer of soil beneath the ground that remains frozen throughout the year

Question 4

Flora

Answer 4

Plants

Question 5

Fauna

Answer 5

Animals

Question 6

Drought Tolerance

Answer 6

Plants that are adapted to survive droughts

Question 7

Drought Avoidance

Answer 7

Plants that have a rapid life cycle and only grow when conditions are right

Question 8

Boreholes

Answer 8

A shaft bored into the ground to provide access to water

Question 9

Cultural Dilution

Answer 9

The weakening of a culture due to outside influences

Question 10

Overgrazing

Answer 10

When land is grazed so heavily that the vegetation is damaged and the ground becomes liable to erosion

Question 11

Desertifiction

Answer 11

The process by which fertile land becomes desert

Question 12

Outmigration

Answer 12

When people move away from an area

Question 13

Invasive Species

Answer 13

Any non-native species that disrupts the ecosystem it moves into e.g. European green crab

Question 14

Diguettes

Answer 14

Embankments designed to trap water and allow infiltration to occur

Question 15

Precision Farming

Answer 15

The use of new technologies like satellite imagery to make farming more productive

Question 16

Kyoto Protocol

Answer 16

An international agreement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions