extraction

Question 1

most likely, which layer will be on top and bottom

Answer 1

the organic layer is usually on top
the aqueous phase is usually on the bottom

Question 2

what is the main case where organic layer is more dense than aqueous layer

Answer 2

chlorinated solvents tend to be more dense than water
EX: dichloromethane or chloroform

Question 3

what is the main physical property that makes extraction (specifically the separation into different layers) possible

Answer 3

differences in solubility

Question 4

how does solubility come into play in extraction

Answer 4

compounds are altered so they become soluble in either the organic or aqueous phase. They move into different phases in order to isolate compounds away from others.

Question 5

what is the main chemical property that makes acid-base extraction possible

Answer 5

pH level

Question 6

why is pH level important in acid-base extraction

Answer 6

when a strong acid is added to the impure mixture, it will only react with the compounds that can be protonated. same is true vice versa

Question 7

what are compounds commonly converted into if we want them to tavel into the aqueous layer

Answer 7

a salt