Extracting metals Flashcards
How do we extract metals?
By heating their oxides with carbon, this oxidises the carbon and reduces the metal oxide to just the metal
Which number is the relative atomic mass on an element slot on the periodic table?
The top number
The RAM of oxygen is 16 and carbon is 12,
What is the relative formula mass of carbon dioxide?
44
What is electrolysis in terms of electrolytes?
The decomposition of an electrolyte with an electric current
Give an example of an electrolyte used in electrolysis?
Molten ionic compounds are electrolytes
What happens during the electrolysis of an ionic compound?
The ionic crystal melts into a molten ionic compound and so the electrons become free to move,
The metals go to and form at the negative electrode while the non-metals go to and form at the positive electrode
What happens at each electrode?
The positively charged metal ions gain electrons from the negative electrode to become neutral atoms,
The negatively charged non-metals lose electrons to the positive electrode to become neutral atoms
What properties of metals affect their usage?
The usage of a metal depends on its strength, malleability, melting point and electrical conductivity
How are metallic bonds structured?
In a metal crystal the positively charged ions are held closely together by a sea of electrons that are free to move
How does the structure of metallic bonding relate to the properties of metals?
The sea of free electrons is what allows the metals to conduct electricity, their strength and melting point comes from the strong force of attraction between the sea of electrons and central protons
Where do minerals and metals come from?
Ores in rocks can contain varied amounts of minerals from which metal can be extracted, therefore for some minerals lots of ore needs to be mined
How do we extract metals?
By heating their oxides with carbon, this oxidises the carbon and reduces the metal oxide to just the metal
Which number is the relative atomic mass on an element slot on the periodic table?
The top number
The RAM of oxygen is 16 and carbon is 12,
What is the relative formula mass of carbon dioxide?
44
What is electrolysis in terms of electrolytes?
The decomposition of an electrolyte with an electric current
