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Phase 1 week 5 - muskoskeletal > Extracellular matrix > Flashcards

Extracellular matrix Flashcards

1
Q

Define ECM

A

A complex network of proteins and polysacchrides secreted locally by cells that provide structual, biochemical signalling and adhesive support to cells

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2
Q

Name the 2 components of the ECM

A

cellular and acellular

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3
Q

What 2 types of fibres are found in the ECM

A

Colagen and elastic

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4
Q

What does elastin in ecm require

A

Fibrillin to fully form fibres

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5
Q

What structual shape are collagen fibres

A

triple helix

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6
Q

Name 3 components that make up the ground substance component of the ECM

A

glycoprotein, glycoaminoglycans (GAGS) and proteoglycans

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7
Q

What structure do you find proteoglycans in

A

Bottle brush structure

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8
Q

What makes up the majority of proteoglycans?

A

GAGS

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9
Q

What do GAGS link together to form

A

Proteoglycans

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10
Q

What is the role of GAGS

A

to attract water - gives hydrating and cushioning properties

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11
Q

During ecm syntheis, what is collagen synthesis as?

A

procollagen

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12
Q

What does collagen undergo during synthesis

A

Glycolysation and hydroxylation

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13
Q

What is elastin synthesised as

A

tropoelastin

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14
Q

What does elastin undergo suring syntheis

A

hydroxylation

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15
Q

wHAT DOES SYNTHESIS ELASTIN CREATE

A

Fibrillin scaffold and cross linked fibres

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16
Q

Where are proteoglycans synthesis

A

The rough endoplasmic reticulum

17
Q

How are proteoglycans delivered to the ECM

A

Via exocytosis

18
Q

What is the basement membrane in terms of ECM

A

A thin, tough sheet of ECM

19
Q

What are the 3 layers of the ECM basement membrane

A

Lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina fibroreticularis

20
Q

What is the basement membrane composed of?

A

Laminin and collagen

21
Q

What is the function of the basement membrane

A

To provide support - binds to underlying connective tissue and determines cells polarity

22
Q

What type of EXM is found in bones

A

osteoid

23
Q

What type of collagen is osteoids made up of

A

type 1

24
Q

What type of ECM is found in joints

A

Cartilage

25
Q

What is cartilage made up of

A

Collagen type 2 and proteoglycans

26
Q

What happens to the basement membrane that can cause cancer

A

If the BM is breached

27
Q

What causes diabetes

A

The thickening of the BM in the glomerulus

Phase 1 week 5 - muskoskeletal (3 decks)

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