Extra Volcanoes (Misc)

Question 1

Name 3 plate tectonics settings that volcanoes can occur

Answer 1

> Convergent
Divergent
Intraplate (Hotspot)

Question 2

What are the 4 main layers of the Earth?

Answer 2

> Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core

Question 3

What is between the crust layer and mantle layer of the Earth?

Answer 3

The Moho

Question 4

Who is Alfred Wegnar

Answer 4

Meteorologist that proposed the idea of continental drift

Question 5

What evidence is there for continental drift?

Answer 5

> Tectonic shelfs look like they may fit together (South America and South Africa)
Fossils found on the coast of India were found on the coast of Australia (Brachiopods)
Rock Sequences in Scottland and Canada fit
Glacial deposits in India, Australia, South America and Antartica

Question 6

What evidence is there for the Earths structure?

Answer 6

> P&S waves, S waves can only travel through solids while P waves can travel through any medium. The refraction of S waves but not P waves proves the layers
Density of the Earth averages at 5.5g/cm cubes where as the crust is 2.7-2.95 g/cm cubed so to average it out there must be denser material below
Boreholes
Magma coming from deep beneath is molten unlike the solid crust

Question 7

What is Palaeomagnetism?

Answer 7

The polarity of Earth changes every 400,000 years and this causes the iron within the Earths crust to have a set polarity when that crust was made. When new crust is made but the polarity is swapped, this is creates a symmetrical pattern and proves that Earth is dynamic not static

Question 8

What do convection cells do?

Answer 8

They cause continental drift because the hot outer core sends material rising up into the cooler crust pushing it apart, this cycle continues causing plates to effectively separate resulting in ocean trenches

Question 9

What is a Hotspot?

Answer 9

It is a stationary columnar current in the outer core. This is super hot and can cause volcanoes, sea mounts or guyots.