Extra questions

Question 1

Why is correct loading (weight and balance) important?

Answer 1

Ensure aircraft stability and controllability
High stall speed, high TO/Landing speed, Longer distance required
Poor climb performance
Less manoeuvrability
High fuel consumption, less range and endurance

Question 2

Adding weight
CG limit: 120 – 130
Current CG: 126
Current Wt: 5000kg
Additional weight of 120kg to baggage area (160)?

Answer 2

CG is 126.8

Question 3

Removing weight
CG limit: 120 – 130
Current CG: 125
Current Wt: 6200kg
Removing weight of 70kg from baggage area (150)?

Answer 3

124.7

Question 4

Moving weight
W x d = w x D
CG limit: 120 – 130
Current CG: 133
Current Wt: 5500kg
How much weight to be moved from baggage area 170 to area 60 to ensure CG is within limit?

Answer 4

150kg

Question 5

BEW = 1000kg/arm 1500mm aft of datum
Payloads separated
Row 1 – 150kg/1000mm
Row 2 – 130kg/1800mm
Baggage compartment – 20kg/2100mm
Fuel load – 70kg/1400mm

Loaded CG position?

Answer 5

1477.4mm

Question 6

To correct for a CG aft of its rear CG limit, you could?
A. Unload passengers from front seats
B. Move light passengers in the front row to empty rear-most seats
C. Move heavy passengers in the rear-most seats to most forward seats

Answer 6

C

Question 7

What are Factors affecting take-off performance.

Answer 7

Weight, Density (temperature), Runway condition, Runway surface, Runway slope
Wind

Question 8

State ISA conditions

Answer 8

Pressure – 1013.2 hPa
Temperature – 15’C
Pressure lapse rate – 1hPa/30 ft
Temperature lapse rate – 2/c per 1000ft
Air is assumed to be dry

Question 9

how do you calculate Pressure Altitude ?

Answer 9

1013 – Actual pressure
= Pressure diff x 30ft per hPa
= Height change + aerodrome elevation
= PA

Question 10

how do you calculate Calculate Density Altitude?

Answer 10

Actual temp – ISA temp at PA
= Temp difference x 120 (ft per ‘C)
= Height change + PA
= DA

Question 11

Given the aerodrome elevation is 820ft/QNH 1007hPa/ Temperature 18’C. Aerodrome DA is?

Answer 11

PA = 1013 – 1007 
= 6hpa x 30 
= 180 ft + 820ft 
= 1000 ft
DA = 18’ – 13’ 
= 5’C x 120 
= 600 ft + 1000 = 1600ft

Question 12

What is a drift? How is it determined (Which side)? What affects it?

Answer 12

Drift is the angular difference between aircraft heading and track.
Drift is determined by the side of the tail is on.
Factors: Strength of wind, wind direction, TAS of aircraft

Question 13

Different types of times. Time zone

Answer 13

LMT, UTC, Zulu, GMT (Longitude degree and time)

Question 14

The wind on an area is 080’T. The magnetic equivalent if the variation is 7’E is?

Answer 14

The wind on an area is 080’T. The magnetic equivalent if the variation is 7’E is?
073’M
(VARIATION EAST, MAGNETIC LEAST VARIATION WEST, MAGNETIC BEST)

Question 15

An aircraft is scheduled to depart an aerodrome located on 090’E meridian at 1500UTC on 24th May. What is the date and time, in six-figure, of departure in LMT?

Answer 15

LONGITUDE EAST, UTC LEAST 	LONGITUDE WEST, UTC LESS
360’ per 24 hours, 15’ per hour
90 ÷ 15 = 6 hours
Therefore, 1500 + 6 hours = 2100
242100

Question 16

Calculating ETA
Time = 1300UTC
TAS – 170kts
Wind – 20kts headwind
Distance left – 80nm
What is the ETA?

Answer 16

GS = 170 – 20 = 150kts (2.5nm/min)
EET = 80/2.5 = 32mins
ETA = 1332UTC

Question 17

An updraft on final approach may see your aircraft?
a. Land short of runway

b. Overshoot the runway
c. Undershoot the runway

Answer 17

b.Overshoot the runway

Question 18

What is cloud formation?

Answer 18

Temperature of moist air is cooled just below dew point temperature
Cooling – heat loss from conduction, radiation and adiabatic cooling
i. Formed by turbulence – air is cooled as it is lifted by turbulence (terrain, wind, windshear)

ii. Formed by convection – from surface
iii. Frontal lifting – warm and cold fronts

Question 19

What is cloud dissipation ?

Answer 19

Temperature of cloud increases above dew point temperature

i. Warming by subsidence
ii. Precipitation
iii. Mixing with drier air
iv. Warming by radiation

Question 20

What is a thunderstorm life cycle?

Answer 20

i. Cumulus (growing) stage – updraft only
ii. Mature stage – up and downdrafts (Precipitation within clouds)
iii. Dissipating stage – updraft ceases and downdrafts only, heavier precipitation

Question 21

what are types of weather report/forecast?

Answer 21

METAR – routine report available on request

SPECI – aerodrome weather reports when actual conditions fluctuate

TTF Trend Type Forecast – specific forecast issued at major aerodromes and airfields, follows a METAR format with a trend of weather. Valid for 3 hours

TAF Terminal Aerodrome Forecast – aerodrome forecast within 5nm radius from aerodrome reference point