Extra Questions Flashcards
1
Q
- What is one instance of the Hero Pattern? What is one instance of the hero pattern that Gilgamesh’s story fits?
A
Offspring of a god or goddess
Defeats a beast
2
Q
- Gilgamesh’s best friend was _______?
A
Enkidu
3
Q
- Gilgamesh defeats the beast ______, and so “civilizes” the surrounding area
A
Humbaba
4
Q
- Gilgamesh goes on a quest to seek ________?
A
Immortality (Utnapishtim)
5
Q
- A Heroa is a place in ancient Greek where the spirit of ______ were worshiped
A
heroes
6
Q
- What does Zeus turn into to impregnate Perseus’ mom, Danea?
A
Zeus turned into a shower of gold
7
Q
- Who gives Perseus the tools ( sandals, kibisis, helm of invisibility) he uses to defeat medusa?
A
Hermes and Athena
8
Q
- The Greek term _____ refers to Bellerophon’s arrogance he tries to fly pegasus and reach the home of the Olympian gods
A
hubris
9
Q
- Medusa’s head (or a gorgon face) is often used as an ______object, meaning wards of evil or bad luck from the wearer (as seen in Zeus’ & Athena’s use of the aegis)
A
apotropaic
10
Q
- What does the term culture hero mean?
A
a. A mythical hero specific to a group (here Greek), changes the world through invention, discovery, tasks. They affect the world after creation myths.
11
Q
Hercules is often depicted wearing a _____ ______, a prize from the first labor.
A
Lion Skin
12
Q
- Because of killing his wife and children (even though driven mad by Hera), Hercules has been polluted with what the Greeks called _______?
A
Miasma
13
Q
- Hercules is considered a _________ hero, meaning that many of his labors went across Greece (and beyond).
A
panhellenic
14
Q
- At which festival was Hercules worshiped?
a. Thesmophoria
b. Panathenaea
c. Heracleia
d. Samhain
A
Heracleia
15
Q
- Heracles is known to be a powerful, sometimes hot tempered, Panhellenic Hero (meaning he fought and civilized beasts all over Greece). What other characteristic is he known for?
a. Riding a flying horse
b. Being excessive in indulgences
c. Being a son of Hera
d. Being charismatic
A
Being Excessive in Indulgences
16
Q
- Match the labor to How Heracles accomplished it:
a. Nemean Lion
b. Cerberus
c. Augean Stables
d. Apples of the Hesperides - Moved two rivers with brute strength
- choked/strangled
- Convinces Atlas to get it for him
- Wrestles (but does not kill)
A
A:2; B:4; C:1; D:3
17
Q
- How does Hercules fit the hero pattern? How is Hercules a hero of contrasts?
A
a. Son of a god
b. Mysterious birth
c. Raised by “foster”
d. Early attempt on his life
e. Children never succeed him
f. Defeats a beast
18
Q
- What is the word for “double ax” from which we get the term labyrinth?
A
labrys
19
Q
- Crete most likely gained power via their prowess at sea, called by Thucydides a _________.
A
thalassocracy
20
Q
- Pasiphae was proficient in _____, the skill of using herbs for healing and magic, used to curse her cheating husband Minos
A
pharmakia
21
Q
- What two things does Ariadne give to Theseus to help him defeat the Minotaur?
A
ball of string/yarn
sword
22
Q
- True/False: The Athenians and the Cretans were trading partners and always friendly toward each other politically.
A
false
23
Q
- Both Scylla and Ariadne betray their families because of ______.
A
love
24
Q
- The Minoans were known for their beautiful art, most notably their ______, murals painted while the plaster was wet.
A
frescoes
25
Q
what does Oedipus’ name mean?
A
swollen foot
26
Q
- The term _______ refers to the practice of reading the flight of birds and omens in nature to tell the future
A
augury
27
Q
- Creon’s initial decree states that the punishment for burying Polynices is ____.
A
death
28
Q
- The twins and Oedipus are both associated with Mt. _____ at their birth
A
cithaeron
29
Q
- The ________ is the creature Oedipus defeated by answering its riddle.
A
sphinx
30
Q
- What walks on 4 legs in the morning, 2 legs in the afternoon, and 3 in the evening?
A
human
31
Q
- After Jocasta’s revelation and subsequent death, Oedipus does what?
A
he takes the pins from Jocasta’s dress and blinds himself
32
Q
- Oedipus curses his sons before the big battle called ______.
A
The Battle Before Thebes
33
Q
- Originally, Antigone’s sister, ________, does not want to challenge the state (Creon) and bury their brother, Polynices.
A
Ismene
34
Q
- The first ship ever made, called the _____, carries along Jason and his crew members to find the Golden Fleece
A
Argo
35
Q
- At Colchis, King Aeetes challenges Jason first to ______.
A
Yoke 2 wild bulls
36
Q
- The ______ _____ did not honor Aphrodite, so they were cursed to smell bad, leading them to kill their husbands for infidelity.
A
Lemnian women
37
Q
- Medea pulls out an iron nail from ____, the golden giant’s foot, to kill him
A
Talos
38
Q
- Jason’s “rival”, Heracles, leaves the party of Argonauts in order to find his lover, ________.
A
Hylas
39
Q
How does Orpheus get the Argonauts away from the sirens?
A
He played music to drown out the Siren’s song
40
Q
- Helle and Phrixus were sent away on a Golden Ram. Helle fell off at the place called the ________, bearing her name.
A
Hellespont
41
Q
- How does Jason fit the Hero Pattern? (How does he differ from others? - lots of help from Humans rather than divine).
A
a. Early attempt on life
b. Raised by a foster parent
c. Unknown childhood
d. Loses favor with the people
42
Q
- How are Heroes Civilizing Forces in the Ancient Greek World (give at least 3 examples from different Heroes).
A
a. When a beast gets defeated
i. Gilgamesh defeating Humbaba
ii. Hercules defeating the beasts of his 12 labors
iii. Perseus defeating the sea monster
43
Q
- ________ is the term used to describe Achilles’ successful (and divinely driven) battle/murder-spree.
A
menin
44
Q
- To whom is the apple of Discord (Eris) given? (Bonus, what does it say on it?)
A
Aphrodite and Helen
45
Q
- True or False: the Iliad ends at the end of the Trojan War once the city of Troy has fallen
A
False
46
Q
- The Heroic Code focuses on shame culture and heroes must seek ________ and avoid shame.
A
glory
47
Q
- The Greek term for honor is ________.
A
time
48
Q
- Agamemnon must sacrifice his daughter, Iphigenia, in order to _______.
A
appease an angry Artemis
49
Q
- Agamemnon threatens to take Achilles’ lover/war prize, _______, away if he is forced to give up his prize, Chryseis.
A
Briseis
50
Q
What is the role Achilles’ ANGER in the Iliad?
A
Menin
51
Q
- How do you see do ut des used in the Iliad? How do you see the Heroic Code displayed in the Iliad?
A
a. Thetis goes to Zeus and asks for help for her son in return for helping Zeus.
b. Agamemnon taking Briseis from Achilles. Because Agamemnon did nothing to earn his war prize
52
Q
- The word nostos refers to warrior stories of ______.
A
coming/returning home
53
Q
- As he is killing her, Achilles falls in love with the Amazon, _________.
A
Thersites
54
Q
- Clytemnestra says she was driven to kill her husband Atreus because he sacrificed their daughter, and because of the _______ of the House of Atreus
A
curse
55
Q
- Paris shoots Achilles in his ______, from which he dies.
A
heel
56
Q
- The priest of Apollo, Laocoon, warns the people of Troy, “____ _____ _____ _____!”
A
Don’t Trust the Horse
57
Q
- The ____ _____ was built by Odysseus and is his ingenious way of sneaking Greek troops into Troy
A
Trojan Horse
58
Q
- ______ teams up with his sister, Electra, to take out vengeance on their mother for their father’s death.
A
Orestes
59
Q
- ________ is the Trojan Princess cursed to tell the future but for no one to believe her. She foresees hers and Agamemnon’s death.
A
Cassandra
60
Q
- The Oresteia is the trilogy of Agamemnon’s family written by the ancient Greek Tragedian, ________.
A
Aeschylus
61
Q
- True or False: Orestes’ story of his trial aims to explain the role of law courts in Athenian society, particularly those trials of homicide held at the Aeropagus.
A
True
62
Q
- Achilles’ ashes were mixed together with his friend ______’s
A
Patroclus
63
Q
- What is the name Odysseus gives to Polyphemus?
A
Nobody
64
Q
- Odysseus escapes from Polyphemus’ cave by poking out his one _____.
A
eye
65
Q
- Which god curses Odysseus to wander the sea for another 10 years?
A
Poseidon
66
Q
- The story of the Odyssey is not told in order but starts _______, meaning the middle of things.
A
Medias Res
67
Q
- _______ is the person who tries to turn Odysseus’ men into pigs.
A
Circe
68
Q
- Because his crew kill the _______, they all end up dying, fulfilling the prophecy of Tiresias.
A
Cattle
69
Q
- Penelope has been tricking the suitors by weaving the _____ for Laertes every night and then unwinding it.
A
shroud
70
Q
- Telemachus offers proper Xenia to ____ when she comes in disguise telling him to go search for information of his missing father.
A
Athena
71
Q
- What is Penelope’s FINAL test to make sure she has a husband?
A
The test of the Marriage Bed
72
Q
Aeneas’ epithet is ____________, meaning he is dutiful.
A
Pius
73
Q
- Roman gods were not originally anthropomorphized like the Greek gods, and were called by the latin word, ______.
A
Numina (nodders)
74
Q
- The Lares (@ crossroads & protect farm) and the Penates (protect household things) were the gods ruling over the Roman ______ as well as the state.
A
household/family
75
Q
- The Roman author _____, writes the Aeneid as Roman propaganda (and to make a Romany mythology) for emperor Augustus
A
Vergil
76
Q
- Aeneas escapes Troy with which 2 family members: _____ & ______.
A
Son Iulus
Father Anchises
77
Q
- In Carthage, Aeneas lingers and rules with Queen ____ before told by Mercury to continue onto his destiny
A
Dido
78
Q
- True/False: Turnus was the Rutilian who killed Pallas and took his belt as a prize
A
True
79
Q
- Roman emperors themselves were not worshiped as gods, but their _____ was. (Hint: we get a word in English from this, associated with intelligence and innovation)
A
genius
80
Q
- Match the Roman Gods’ name with the Greek counterpart
A
a. Jupiter - Zeus
b. Juno - Hera
c. Ceres - Demeter
d. Diana - Artemis
e. Mercury - Hermes
f. Vulcan - Hephaestus
g. Neptune - Poseidon
h. Mars - Apollo
i. Minerva - Athena
j. Liber - Dionysus
k. Faunus - Pan
l. Venus - Aphrodite
81
Q
- Rhea Silva and ____ are the parents of Romulus and Rhemus.
A
Mars
82
Q
- What animal suckles the babies Romulus and Rhemus?
A
Capitoline Wolf
83
Q
- Romulus steals women from the tribe of the ___ to populate Rome
A
Sabine
84
Q
- Before Rome was a republic, 7 ___ from Roman-Alban and Etruscan descent ruled
A
kings
85
Q
- In a duel between the Horatii and Curatii, the last ____ won, and killed his sister for mourning
A
Horatii
86
Q
- ____ is upheld as the perfect “citizen-soldier” who held a dictatorship for only the time needed to win the war
A
Cincinnatus
87
Q
- In response to the same felt at her violation form Tarquin the Proud, ______ committed suicide
A
Lucretia
88
Q
- One of the first consuls, _______, exiled the Tarquins and even sentenced his own sons to death, putting the state before his family
A
Lucius Junius Brutus
89
Q
- The early Roman heroes exemplify the virtue of ‘manliness,’ called _______ in latin
A
virtus
90
Q
- The first dictator of Rome, ______, gave up his dictatorship and went back to his farm as soon as the problem had been quelled
A
Cincinnatus
