Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS3 RADIOLOGY > Extra-Oral Radiography Including Cephalograms > Flashcards

Extra-Oral Radiography Including Cephalograms Flashcards

1
Q

what are some purposes of extra-oral radiographs?

A
  • imaging larger sections of dentition
  • patient cannot tolerate intra-oral radiographs
  • imagine non-dentoalveolar regions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are common types of extra-oral radiographs?

A
  • panoramic radiographs
  • cephalometric radiographs
  • oblique lateral radiographs
  • skull radiographs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In relation to extra-oral radiograph terminology, what does true mean?

A

angulation of beam is perpendicular to head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In relation to extra-oral radiograph terminology, what does oblique mean?

A

angulation of beam is not perpendicular to head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In relation to extra-oral radiograph terminology, what does lateral mean?

A

beam aimed at side of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In relation to extra-oral radiograph terminology, what does postero-anterior mean?

A

beam starts posteriorly & passes anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are examples of reference lines/planes used in extra-oral radiography?

A
  • mid-sagittal plane
  • interpupillary line
  • Frankfort plane
  • orbitomeatal line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the function of anatomical reference lines/planes?

A

anatomical landmarks used to aid positioning of extra-oral radiographs
- allows them to be reproduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what difference in degrees is there between the Frankfort plane & the orbitomeatal line? (roughly)

A

10 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is cephalometry?

A

the measurement & study of the head (using different points, angles & distances to analyse anatomy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the clinical applications of cephalometry?

A
  • orthodontics & orthognathic surgery
  • monitor changes in dentition over time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the most common type of cephalogram taken?

A

lateral cephalogram !

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the main anatomy seen on a lateral cephalogram?

A
  • teeth
  • facial bones & soft tissues
  • paranasal sinuses
  • cervical vertebrae
  • pharyngeal soft tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why might lateral cephalograms be used in orthodontics?

A
  • assessing skeletal discrepancies before use of orthodontic appliances
  • aiding location & assessment on unerupted, malformed or misplaces teeth
  • giving an indication of teeth root length (often upper incisors)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

at what stages of orthodontic treatment might a lateral cephalogram be taken/used?

A
  • diagnosis
  • treatment planning
  • monitoring progress
  • appraisal of treatment results
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do all cephalogram units have?

A

a cephalostat

17
Q

what is the cephalostat?

A

Part of cephalogram unit that ensures standardised positioning of equipment & patients head

18
Q

what are the functions of the cephalostat?

A
  • holds head at correct angle
  • stabilises head to prevent movement
  • establishes correct distances between x-ray focal spot, patient & receptor
19
Q

what are the different parts of the cephalostat?

A
  • ear rods
  • forehead support
20
Q

at what distance should the receptor lie from the x-ray focal spot in standardised cephalograms?

A

1.5m to 1.8m distance
- minimises magnification

21
Q

what problem surrounds imaging soft tissues with a lateral cephalogram?

A

soft tissues show up poorly when exposure settings are optimised for hard tissues (won’t be able to see)

22
Q

how can soft tissues be better highlighted on lateral cephalograms?

A
  • aluminium wedge filter in the unit that attenuates the specific area of the beam to expose the facial soft tissues
  • use software to enhance soft tissues post-exposure
23
Q

How can patients be shielded & protected when having a lateral cephalogram taken?

A

thyroid collar used (as thyroid gland is radiosensitive)

24
Q

what is CBCT?

A

Cone Beam Computed Tomography
- provides cross sectional imagining

25
Q

why are CBCTs rarely used in everyday life?

A

Much higher radiation dose & typically not clinically significant enough to justify

26
Q

what does oblique lateral radiography show?

A

provides view of posterior jaws without superimposition of contralateral side

27
Q

when is oblique lateral radiography typically used?

A
  • patients unable to tolerate intra-oral radiographs
  • patients unable to stay still (special needs eg.)
28
Q

what are some indications for oblique lateral radiographs?

A
  • assessment of dental pathology
  • assessment of presence/position of unerupted teeth
  • detection of mandibular fractures
  • evaluation lesions/conditions affecting jaws

BDS3 RADIOLOGY (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions