Extra Info Flashcards
What are the anterior palpable structures
Iliac crest ASIS Inguinal ligament Pubic tubercle Pubic symphysis
What are the posterior structures
PSIS Sacrum Sacral spinous process Coccyx Ischial tuberosity
Features of the proximal femur anterior
Femoral head
Femoral neck
Greater and lesser trochanter
Intertrochanteric Line
Features of femur posterior
Pectineal line
Gluteal tuberosity
Intertrochanteric crest
Linea aspera - distally divides into medial and lateral supracondylar ridges
- the ridges mark attachments of powerful thigh muscles
What’s the femoral neck inclination
Angle of femoral neck inclination
125 +/- 5
>130 = coxa Valga
<120 = coxa vara
What’s femoral torsion
Angle of femoral torsion
Normal degree of femoral torsion is 12-15 degrees
<= retroversion
>= ant eversion
What are the femoral head blood supplies
Ligamentum teres
Medial and lateral circumflex arteries
Nutrient arteries within femoral shaft
What are the 4 hip joint ligaments
Illiofemoral ligament (anterior) Pubofemoral ligament (anterior) Ischiofemoral ligament (posterior) Ligamentum teres (internal)
What are the origin, insertion and action for iliofemoral ligament
Formed by 2 bands ( superior and inferior)
Origin - AIIS
Insertion - intertrochanteric line
Action - superior band limits extension and adduction
Inferior band limits extension abduction
What are the origin, insertion and action for pubofemoral ligament
Origin - from the pubic eminence
Insertion - capsule and medial band of iliofemoral ligament and intertrochanteric line
Action - limits extension and abduction
What are the origin, insertion and action for ischiofemoral ligament
Origin - inferior aspect of ischium
Insertion - capsule and anterior part of greater trochanter deep to the iliofemoral ligament
Action - extension and medial rotation
What are the origin, insertion and action for ligamentum teres
Origin - pit of fovea in head of femur
Insertion - acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament
What causes the stability of the hip joint
Strong surrounding ligaments Cup shaped acetabulum Deepened by acetabular labrum Strong capsule Vacuum effect of ball within socket Oblique angle of femoral neck Arrangement of powerful surrounding muscles
What limits range of motion
Tension of antagonists
Soft tissue apposition
Tension of ligaments limit range
Relative congruency of articulate surfaces
What are the hip range motions
Flexion - 100-120 degrees Extension - 15-20 degrees Abduction - 40-45 degrees Adduction - 15-30 degrees Lateral rotation - 45-60 degrees Medial rotation - 30-40 degrees
How do you put the hip in a closed/open packed position
Closed packed position - maximum extension, medial rotation and abduction
Open packed position - slight flexion, abduction and lateral rotation
What are the origin, insertion and action for ventral sacro iliac ligament
Origin - lateral sacrum
Insertion - medial aspect of ilium
Action - thickening of capsule and provides anterior stability
What are the origin, insertion and action for sacrotuberous ligament
Origin - PSIS, sacral tubercles, lateral margins of sacrum and coccyx
Insertion - ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus
Action - limits nutation of sacrum, limits posterior rotation of ilium
What’s the origin, insertion and action for sacrospinous ligament
Origin - spine of ischium
Insertion - lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx
Action - limits nutation of sacrum and posterior rotation of ilium
What’s the origin, insertion and action for iliolumbar ligament
Upper band
- origin - transverse processes of L5
- insertion - posterior aspect of iliac crest
Lower band
- origin - transverse processes of L5
- insertion - anterior sacrum and ventral sacroiliac ligament
