Extra Ground Applicator Review

Question 1

T/F
Use of adjuvants not registered for use with a pesticide is illegal under the Pest Control Products Act.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Define Activators

Answer 2

Activators are adjuvants that increase a pesticide’s activity.
Activators include
- surfactants,
- oil-surfactant concentrates
- ammonium salts

Question 3

Define Surfactants

Answer 3

Surfactants are surface active agents which improve the spreading, dispersing and /or wettin properties of a pesticide mixture.

Wetting agents and spreaders are types of surfactants.
i) Wetting agents allow wettable powders and d flowables to mix with water and stick on surfa [e.g., Muster (herbicide) must be applied with Agsurf, Agral 90 or Citowett Plus (surfactants,
ii) Spreaders allow the pesticide to form a uniform coating over the treated area.

Question 4

Define Oil-surfactant

Answer 4

Oil-surfactant concentrates increase herbicide activity. These penetrants disrupt the leaf cuticl or waxy layer, allowing for better contact of the pesticide and increased chemical uptake (e.g. Charge used with Achieve DG).

Question 5

Define Ammonium salts

Answer 5

Ammonium salts (e.g., Ammonum sulphate fertilizers) can disrupt the leaf cuticle or waxy layer, allowing for better contact of the pesticide and enhancing the control of certain weeds.

Question 6

Define Spray modifiers

Answer 6

Spray modifiers are adjuvants that physically alter the spray material. Spray modifiers include stickers, drift retardants, and thickeners.
a) Stickers allow the pesticide to stay on the treatec surface.
b) Drift retardants reduce the drifting of the spray material.
c) Thickeners reduce drift by increasing the droplet size of the spray material

Question 7

Define Utility modifiers

Answer 7

Utility modifiers help in the application of spray mixtures. Utility modifiers include anti-foaming agents, compatibility agents or emulsifiers, buffering agents, suspension agents, and tank cleaners.
a)Anti-foaming agents reduce foaming during mixing and agitation (Halt).
b)Compatibility agents or emulsifiers help two (2) tank-mixed materials blend uniformly. They are often used in herbicide /fertilizer tank mixes. They may also be useful to salvage materials which have become separated or incompatible (Unite).

Question 8

Define Buffering agents

Answer 8

Buffering agents are used to increase the dispersion or solubility of pesticides in water. They may be useful to reduce pH of alkaline water, therefore slowing the chemical breakdown of some pesticides.

Question 9

Define Suspension agents

Answer 9

Suspension agents enhance the ability of wettable powders to stay in suspension longer in the spray solution.

Question 10

Define Tank cleaners

Answer 10

Tank cleaners and decontamination aids may assist in removing traces of pesticides from spray equipment. (e.g., Finish)

Question 11

Read: Most pesticide formulations contain adjuvants. These are included in the formulation by the manufacturer only after careful evaluation (e.g., Roundup is formulated with a surfactant). Your decision to use or recommend additional adjuvants) with a pesticide should be based on label recommendations only.

Answer 11

Using an adjuvant that is not listed on the pesticide’s label may have the following results:
• There may be no effect; therefore, using the adjuvant was an unnecessary expense.
• There may be a decrease of pesticide performance which increases the economic cost because of the need to retreat and because of possible further damage from the uncontrolled pest.
• There may be an increase of the pesticide’s activity which may cause injury to non-target organisms (e.g., the crop).

Question 12

Define synergism

Answer 12

In some cases, mixing pesticides together may provide complementary activity so that the pest control may be better than if both pesticides had been used independently. This chemical interaction is called synergism.

Question 13

Define Antagonism (regarding pesticides)

Answer 13

may result when products that are not compatible are mixed together. There are a number of possible effects from mixing incompatible pesticides or adjuvants.

Question 14

Effects from mixing incompatible pesticides or adjuvants:

Answer 14

-Reduced pest control
-Physical handling problems (separatist, coagulate, form precipitation)
- Physical Hazard

Question 15

Consult label, If no order is specified on the label, after adding the correct volume of water to the spray tank, use the following recommended mixing order:

Answer 15

1. antifoaming additives if needed
2. dry flowable or dispersible granule formulations;
3. wettable powders or other solid formulations;
4. liquid suspension concentrates;
5. liquid soluble concentrates;
6. emulsifiable concentrates;
7. surfactants or adjuvants;
   Be sure to agitate spray solutions properly. Each product should be thoroughly dispersed before adding the next product.

Question 16

The Food and Drugs Act

Answer 16

The Food and Drugs Act and regulations protect the health of consumers by prohibiting the sale of food that contains any harmful or poisonous substance. Pesticide residues fall into this category

Question 17

MRL

Answer 17

Maximum Residue Limits

Question 18

Pesticide Residues Compensation Act

Answer 18

The Pesticide Residues Compensation Act compensates the farmer for losses incurred when the sale of food products (e.g., lentils, malt barley) is stopped because the maximum residue limit is exceeded. It must be proven that the pesticide residues exist through no fault of the farmer.

The farmer can prove no fault through application records which show that the pesticide was:
a)used in accordance with its labelled recommendations;
and
b)used in accordance with recommendations made by Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives.

The pesticide also must be registered under the Pest Control
Products Act.

Question 19

Pesticides and Fertilizers Control Act

Answer 19

The Pesticide and Fertilizers Control Act which was passed in 1977 controls the retail sale and commercial application of pesticides and fertilizers in Manitoba:
It is administered by:
Crop Management Section
Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives
Box 1149
Carman, MB
ROG OJO
Phone: (204) 745-5630

Question 20

Which two classes of pesticides are presently regulated under pesticides and fertilizers control act

Answer 20

only Commercial and Restricted classes

Fertilizers and Domestics are exempt

Question 21

Persons exempt from the Act are:

Answer 21

wholesale distributors and farmers who apply pesticides off their farms for not more that three (3) individuals and on less than a total of 500 ha (1235 ac) in any year.

Question 22

Classes of Licenses:

Answer 22

There are two classes of pesticide licenses:
(1) Dealer - commercial and restricted products
- (2) Applicator - 4 sub-classes
>agricultural pest abatement;
>non-agricultural pest abatement;
>structural pest control and product fumigation
>landscape and garden pest abatement.

Question 23

A license is issued annually by Manitoba Agriculture to individuals who:

Answer 23

successfully complete the Pesticide Certification Training courses from Assiniboine Community College - recertification is required every five (5) years.
• pay a Manitoba Agriculture license fee;
• meet insurance requirements; and
• fill in application form.

Question 24

Insurance Requirements
Every applicant for a pesticide applicator license must

Answer 24

provide a certificate of insurance.

Minimum insurance requirements for a pesticide applicator license are:
• $250,000 for public liability and property damage exclusive of chemical damage and spray drift;
• $25,000 for chemical damage or spray drift.

Question 25

Penalty for offenders of the Pesticides and Fertilizers Control Act

Answer 25

There is provision under the Act for penalties to offenders of a maximum fine of $1000.00 or a maximum jail term of six (6) months or both

Question 26

Both the federal and provincial governments have laws which are designed to enforce the safe movement of hazardous goods on roadways. They are:
.

Answer 26

The federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act (T.D.G.) and the provincial Dangerous Goods Handling and Transportation Act both cover this area of law in Manitoba

Question 27

T/F
labels are legal documents. Not following label instructions is illegal and constitutes an offence under the Pest Control Products Act.

Answer 27

True