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Pharm 2 > extra exam 1 > Flashcards

extra exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What medication induces mydriasis?

A

phenylephrine (Altafrin)

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2
Q

Beta blockers will mask signs and symptoms of

A

hypoglycemia

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3
Q

Which oral hypoglycemic agent can react to readiopaque dye?

A

metformin (glucophage)

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4
Q

Which diabetic agent requires the patient to have oral dextrose available at all times to treat hypoglycemia (table sugar/sucrose will not work)?

A

acarbose (precose)

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5
Q

Adverse effects of metformin?

A

nausea
lactic acidosis
abdominal cramps

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6
Q

Coritcosteriods may have an interaction with

A

NSAIDS

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7
Q

Fludrocortisone needs to be taken with

A

food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset

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8
Q

Possible benefits of metformin?

A

causes weight loss

produces a modest decrease in serum triglycerides

can be used in combo with other oral antidiabetic agents to lower blood glucose

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9
Q

Do type 2 DM patients have ketones at diagnosis?

A

no

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10
Q

Propranolol may increase

A

insulin’s hypoglycemic effects

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11
Q

corticosteroids often mask symptoms of

A

infection

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12
Q

A patient with diabetes should avoid exercise if their glucose level is greater than

A

250 mg/dL

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13
Q

corticosteroids may cause __________ in diabetic patients

A

hyperglycemia

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14
Q

glucocorticoids regulate

A

carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism

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15
Q

2 kinds of corticosteroids are

A

mineralcorticoids (fludrocortison, aldosterone) and
glucocorticoids (cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone)

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16
Q

4 antidiarrheals

A

Bismuth Subsalicylate / Pepto-Bismol

Diphenoxylate with atropine / Lomotil

Lactobacillus acidophilus / Lactinex

Loperamide / Imodium A-D

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17
Q

6 Laxitives

A

Psyllium / Metamucil

Docusate Sodium / Colace

Mineral Oil / Fleet Mineral Oil

Polyethylene glycol / MiraLax / GoLYTELY

Magnesium hydroxide / Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia

Sennosides / Senna / Senokot / Ex-Lax

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18
Q

Reflux meds

A

Aluminum hydroxide / Maalox / Milk of Magnesia

Famotidine / Pepcid

Misoprostol / Cytotec

Omeprazole / Prilosec

Pantoprazole / Protonix

Sucralfate / Carafate

Metoclopramide / Reglan

Promethazine / Phenergan

Ondansetron / Zofran

19
Q

nausea meds

A

Scopolamine / Transderm-Scop

Diphenhydramine / Benadryl

Dexamethasone / Decadron

Lorazepam / Ativan

Dronabinol / Marinol

20
Q

Dorzolamide / Trusopt

A

release eye pressure

21
Q

Pilocarpine / Isopto Carpine

A

drains fluid

22
Q

Phenylephrine / Altafrin

A

pupil dilation

23
Q

Timolol Maleate / Timoptic

A

decrease fluid production

24
Q

Latanoprost / Xalatan

A

increase fluid production

25
Q

opthalmic antibiotics

A

bacitracin and neomycin-polymyxin

26
Q

corticosteroid doses should be ____ in the morning and ____ in the afternoon

A

2/3 in the morning

1/3 in the afternoon

27
Q

mineralcorticoids should be given once daily when?

A

in the evening

28
Q

corticosteroids frequently cause blood sugar to

A

increase

29
Q

I’m sweaty, cold and clammy, give me some

A

candy

30
Q

microvascular complications are the destruction of

A

capillaries in eyes, kidneys, and peripheral tissues (neuropathies)

31
Q

macrovascular complications are assoicated with

A

atherosclerosis of the middle to large arties (heart and brain) resulting in stroke, mi, peripheral vascular disease

32
Q
A
33
Q

fixed combo insulins contain

A

one intermediate type and either one rapid type or one short-acting type

34
Q

sliding scale insulin dosing is subq _____ or ______

A

rapid acting or short acting

35
Q

basal-bolus attempts to mimic a healthy pancreas by administering

A

basal insulin (long acting insulin) constantly then giving bolus short acting when glucose levels rise above a predetermined age

36
Q

glipizide may mask hypoglycemia and cause rash or disorders of the

A

blood

37
Q

patients on repaglinide who skip a meal should also

A

skip a dose to avoid hypoglycemia

38
Q

pioglitazone may damage the liver and might induce _____ in premenoposal women

A

ovulation, plan for alternative birth control

39
Q

acrabose inhibits

A

enzymes

40
Q

patients on canagliflozin should be pretested for

A

renal function and potassium levels

41
Q

dulaglutide is usually prescribed to patients

A

not getting good glucose control with other meds

42
Q

a severe reaction to dulaglutide could be

A

pancreatitis, signs and symptoms include abdominal pain that radiates around to the back

43
Q

monitor patients taking sitagliptin for

A

bradycardia

Pharm 2 (2 decks)

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