extra endo questions Flashcards
- Which of the following hormones stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb sodium and excrete potassium? A. Somatostatin B. Antidiuretic hormone C. Aldosterone D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
C. Aldosterone
- Prehospital treatment for a patient with a blood glucose reading of 400 mg/dL and polyuria includes: A. 25 g of 50% dextrose via the intravenous route. B. 40 mg of furosemide via the intravenous route. C. 10 units of insulin via the subcutaneous route. D. fluid rehydration with an isotonic crystalloid.
D. fluid rehydration with an isotonic crystalloid.
- A 59-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with dark, tarry stools. He is confused, has a BP 84/62 mm Hg, & pulse of 74 beats/min and weak. Which of the following would MOST likely explain his heart rate? A. Insulin suppressing the patient’s sympathetic nervous system B. Increased parasympathetic tone in response to hypovolemia C. A prescribed adrenergic blocking agent to treat his hypertension D. Inadvertent overdose of his prescribed hypoglycemic medication
C. A prescribed adrenergic blocking agent to treat his hypertension
- Disequilibrium syndrome, a condition associated with dialysis, manifests with signs and symptoms of:
- A:increased intracranial pressure.
- B:excessive catecholamine release.
- C:severe hypokalemia.
- D:high serum potassium levels.
• A:increased intracranial pressure.
- The clinical presentation of thyroid storm MOST closely resembles that of:
- A:heroin overdose.
- B:myxedema.
- C:ketoacidosis.
- D:amphetamine use.
• D:amphetamine use.
- A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis would typically present with which of the following signs and/or symptoms?
- A:Hyperglycemia and oliguria
- B:Hypoglycemia and dehydration
- C:Hyperglycemia and dehydration
- D:Hypoglycemia and polyuria
•C:Hyperglycemia and dehydration
- When released into the bloodstream, glucagon:
- A:facilitates the cellular uptake of glucose for energy production.
- B:stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose.
- C:directly increases circulating blood glucose levels.
- D:stimulates the liver to take in glucose and store it as glycogen.
• B:stimulates the liver to convert
You are dispatched to a residence for a 65-year-old female whose husband reports a change in her behavior over the past several days. He states that initially she seemed forgetful, but today she is confused. Your assessment reveals an obese patient who has slow respirations; cold, dry skin; a heart rate of 50 beats/min; and a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg. The patient’s husband tells you that his wife does not have any medical problems that he is aware of, but remarks about her weight gain over the past few months. This patient’s history and clinical presentation are MOST likely the result of:
- A:exacerbation of undiagnosed hyperthyroidism.
- B:excess adrenal gland production of cortisol.
- C:decreased thyroid hormone production.
- D:acute dementia with hypothermia.
•C:decreased thyroid hormone production.
Which of the following is MOST indicative of hyperglycemic ketoacidosis?
- A:Acute onset
- B:Hyperpnea
- C:Bradypnea
- D:Diaphoresis
•B:Hyperpnea
Functions of the hypothalamus include:
- A:controlling level of awareness.
- B:regulating appetite.
- C:influencing breathing.
- D:maintaining equilibrium and balance.
•B:regulating appetite.
Shorly after his dialysis treatment, a 66-year-old man presents with confusion, a headache, and nausea. You should suspect:
- A:disequilibrium syndrome.
- B:acute air embolism.
- C:interstitial nephritis.
- D:severe hyperkalemia.
A:disequilibrium syndrome.
Law enforcement requests your assistance at a convenience store for a combative patient. You arrive at the scene and find the patient, a 49-year-old male, sitting in the back of the police car; his hands are cuffed behind him. One of the police officers tells you that the clerk of the store called 9-1-1 because the patient was acting strange. The patient is conscious and has a patent airway; however, he is agitated, has disorganized speech, and is tachypneic. Further assessment reveals that he is diaphoretic and tachycardic. You should:
- A:administer 5 mg of haloperidol intramuscularly to reduce his agitation.
- B:sit him forward and perform a finger stick to assess his blood glucose level.
- C:apply the cardiac monitor and assess for the presence of cardiac dysrhythmias.
- D:have his handcuffs removed and immediately move him to the ambulance.
B:sit him forward and perform a finger stick to assess his blood glucose level.
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for hypothermia?
A:60-year-old woman with Cushing syndrome
B:65-year-old man with coronary artery disease
C:55-year-old woman with hypothyroidism
D:45-year-old man with hyperglycemia
C:55-year-old woman with hypothyroidism
A 59-year-old woman with a history of Grave’s disease presents with an altered mental status. Her skin is hot to the touch and her pulse rate is 160 beats/min. These findings are MOST consistent with:
A:myxedema.
B:Cushing syndrome.
C:addisonian crisis.
D:thyrotoxic crisis.
D:thyrotoxic crisis.
A 60-year-old woman, who has been taking high doses of prednisone for several months to treat her rheumatoid arthritis, presents with weakness and fatigue that has progressively worsened. On appearance, her face appears swollen. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient has:
A:Adrenal insufficiency.
B:Cushing’s syndrome.
C:Grave’s disease.
D:Addison’s disease.
B:Cushing’s syndrome.
