extra Flashcards
amylases
An amylase (/ˈæmɪleɪs/) is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion.`
peptidases
Peptidases are catalytically active proteins (enzymes) that cleave peptide bonds in proteins and peptides by hydrolysis.
protease
A protease is an enzyme that performs proteolysis: protein catabolism by hydrolysis of peptide bonds
lipase
a pancreatic enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol or other alcohols.
betatron
A betatron is a type of cyclic particle accelerator. It is essentially a transformer with a torus-shaped vacuum tube as its secondary coil. An alternating current in the primary coils accelerates electrons in the vacuum around a circular path.
positron
a subatomic particle with the same mass as an electron and a numerically equal but positive charge.
monochromatic light
light of one color. In scientific terms, it means light of a single wavelength.
newton’s first law
sometimes referred to as the law of inertia. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
newton’s second law
pertains to the behavior of objects for which all existing forces are not balanced. The second law states that the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables - the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object.
newton’s third law
A force is a push or a pull that acts upon an object as a results of its interaction with another object. … These two forces are called action and reaction forces and are the subject of Newton’s third law of motion. Formally stated, Newton’s third law is: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
ameoba
An amoeba, often called amoeboid, is a type of cell or organism which has the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods
paramecium
a single-celled freshwater animal that has a characteristic slipperlike shape and is covered with cilia.
contractile vacuole
a vacuole in some protozoans that expels excess liquid on contraction
protozoa
single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, which feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic tissues and debris.
nonpolar covalent bonds
type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other.
polar covalent bonds
a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms.
covalent bond
A covalent bond, also called a molecular bond, is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
ionic bond
Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, and is the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds. the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal in order to obtain a full valence shell for both atoms.
phagocyte
any cell, as a macrophage, that ingests and destroys foreign particles, bacteria, and cell debris.
mendel’s law of segregation
allele pairs separate or segregate during gamete formation, and randomly unite at fertilization.
mendel’s law of independent assortment
when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.
