EXTRA 2

Question 0

What does to cytoplasm do?

Answer 0

It is the site of most chemical reactions in the cell

Question 1

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 1

It controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 2

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 2

It helps to support the cell

Question 3

What do the chloroplasts do?

Answer 3

They are the site of photosynthesis

Question 4

Define: organ

Answer 4

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a function

Question 5

A plant may store carbohydrate as ______ or _______

Answer 5

Sucrose or starch

Question 6

Describe the structure of the mycelium of mucor

Answer 6

It is made up of thread-like structures called hyphae, which contain lots of nuclei

Question 7

What does lactobacillus bulgaricus look like?

Answer 7

It is rod-shaped

Question 8

What is used to produce yogurt?

Answer 8

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Question 9

What is a pathogen?

Answer 9

An organism that can cause disease

Question 10

Which disease does plasmodium cause?

Answer 10

Malaria

Question 11

Which elements are carbohydrates made of?

Answer 11

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 12

Which elements are proteins made of?

Answer 12

Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen

Question 13

Which elements are lipids made of?

Answer 13

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 14

What do amino acids make up?

Answer 14

Proteins

Question 15

What do fatty acids and glycerol make up?

Answer 15

Lipids

Question 16

What is Benedict’s reagent the test for?

Answer 16

Glucose

Question 17

Enzyme: proteases

Function:?

Answer 17

Enzyme: proteases

Function: convert proteins into amino acids

Question 18

Enzyme: lipases

Function:?

Answer 18

Enzyme: lipases

Function: convert lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 19

Enzyme: amylase

Function:?

Answer 19

Enzyme: amylase

Function: converts starch into maltose

Question 20

Enzyme: Maltase

Function:?

Answer 20

Enzyme: maltase

Function: converts maltose into glucose

Question 21

Describe the function of the pancreas in digestion

Answer 21

It produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes and releases these into the small intestine

Question 22

Define egestion

Answer 22

When all the un digested parts of anything that has been ingested are formed into faeces and exit the body via the anus

Question 23

Describe digestion

Answer 23

Large, insoluble molecules are broken down into small, soluble molecules.
This occurs mechanically (using teeth and muscles) and chemically (enzymes and bile)

Question 24

Define ‘assimilation’

Answer 24

When the absorbed food molecules are incorporated into the body’s cells

Question 25

Where in the alimentary canal are the villi found?

Answer 25

The small intestine

Question 26

What is purpose of respiration?

Answer 26

To release energy

Question 27

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 27

Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

Question 28

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans:

Answer 28

Glucose –> lactic acid

Question 29

What are the features of the alveoli and what are their roles?

Answer 29

Thin outer walls - short distance for diffusion

Good blood supply - maintain high concentration gradient

Permeable outer walls - to allow gases to diffuse easily

Question 30

Which substances are transported in the plasma?

Answer 30

Hormones
Carbon dioxide
Food

Question 31

Which substances diffuse through capillary walls?

Answer 31

Glucose and oxygen

Question 32

Structure of capillaries and function

Answer 32

Small - to carry blood close to any cell

Permeable walls - substances can diffuse in and out

1 cell thick walls - increase rate of diffusion

Question 33

What is the function of the valves in the heart?

Answer 33

To prevent the back flow of blood