Extra

Question 1

What are dendrites initially like in the dendrites? What does attenuation in the dendrites do to EPSP waveform and amplitude?

Answer 1

Large (high resistance) and fast (low capac.)

Broader waveform (longer duration), less amplitude

Question 2

What is the beta subunit in Na+ ion channels

Answer 2

• Tightly bound to and much smaller than alpha subunit
• 4 different types of beta subunits

Question 3

Describe metabotropic actions of GABAergic signaling

Answer 3

• GABA_B receptors are coupled to G-proteins, specifically the Gi/o type, which inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity.
• This coupling results in a reduction of cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels.
  PRESYN: Inactivation of Ca2+ channels
  POSTSYN: GIRK K+ outflow
• Slower and longer lasting effects than GABA_A
• influence long-term synaptic changes by modulating neurotransmitter release and interacting with other signaling pathways