External Factors - Material Deprivation Flashcards
what is material deprivation
This refers to poverty and a lack of material necessities such as housing and income.
what is closely linked to educational under achievement
Poverty
how is poverty linked to educational under achievement
90% of failing schools are in deprived areas
Exclusion and truancy are more likely for children from poorer families
According to the Department for Education, only 1/3 of pupils eligible for free school meals achieve 5 or more GCSEs at A* to C compared to 2/3 of other pupils
According to Flaherty, money problems in the family are a significant factor in younger children’s non-attendance at school
key aspects of material deprivation
Housing
Diet and Health
Financial support/Educational cost
Fear of Debt
housing
The amount of money you have impacts the size/type of housing you have access to. Overcrowding is common in WC households and may lead to a lack of space to study for older children or a lack of space for younger children to carry out educational activities, explore and play. Poor housing conditions like cold and damp housing can affect physical health, which may lead to time off school and falling behind
key sociologists for diet and health
Howard
Wilkinson
diet and health
A balanced healthy diet is expensive and the WC cannot afford it, this according to Howard means that WC kids have a lower intake of energy, vitamins and minerals which weakens their immune system and leads to a higher level of illness and absence from school. According to Wilkinson, a lack of a balanced diet may also impact them psychologically, among 10-year-olds, the lower the social class, the higher the rate of hyperactivity, anxiety and conduct disorder, these can lead to issues in the classroom, a higher rate of absence and difficulty coping with exams
key sociologists for educational costs
Bull
Tanner
Smith and Noble
Bull’s statement regarding the cost of education as well as what he means
‘The cost of free schooling’ It means while education may be free there are hidden costs of things. Lack of financial support means that children from poor families have to do without equipment and miss out on experiences that would enhance their educational achievement
tanner - educational cost
Tanner found that the cost of items like transport, uniform, trips etc places a heavy burden on poor families. WC may have hand-me-downs as they can’t afford new equipment, which can lead to bullying
smith and noble - educational costs
They add that poverty acts as a barrier to learning in other ways such as the inability to afford private schooling or tuition which would push them into poorer quality local schools, as they may live in deprived areas that prevent access to good quality schools and cannot afford transport out of the area. Lack of funds means that WC children may need to work alongside school in order to contribute financially at home which means there is less time studying
Key sociologist for fear of debt
Callender and Jackson
what are the WC more likely to be according to Callender and Jackson
They are more likely to be debt averse
fear of debt
Going to uni usually involves getting into debt to cover the cost of tuition fees. According to Callender and Jackson, the WC are more debt averse, that is they saw debt negatively, as something to be avoided which deters WC students from going to uni as they see uni as a high cost with few benefits
NUS Survey - debt
WC students are less likely to receive financial support from their parents when they are at university. 48% compared to 81% of MC parents and 30% of uni students are WC when they make up almost 50% of the population
