Expressionism Midterm Flashcards
Immanuel Kant
18th c. Ger. Philosopher; art & genius; Beauty & the sublime; art can be tasteful, yet useless (aesthetics); in some ways inspired the Fauves way of returning to nature (Wild Beasts); Critique of Judgement, 1790: art is self-sufficient
Significant form
Clive Bell’s theory 1914 (Art); lines and colors within works that help to invoke emotion; PERSONAL
Modernism
rupture from the past, autonomy of art; rooted in cubism; Pollock says it “cultural negotiation and critical reception of this new consciousness”
Anti-Modernism
return to the primitive, untrained and basic; Die Brucke; Die Blauer Reiter; Female nude
Expressionism
focusing on the individual emotion. Kandinsky
Die Brücke
1905: (the bridge) Pechstein, Emil Nolde, Kirchner, Heckel; tied up in the nude, primitivism, colonialism/orientalism; looking at city vs. country. SIMMEL. WOODCUT
Georg Simmel
GER theorist; anti-city (causes anxiety); tied to Fauves; article ” The Metropolis and Mental Life”
Woodcut
stylistically inspired the Fauves, Die Brucke; said to rep. German Nationalism (Reisenfeld); Bathers at Moritzberg, Kirchner
Fauvism
German NOT FORMAL GROUP; blocked color fields; 1905 founding, Matisse, Derain, Braque, Vlaminck; spontaneous view of nature; looked to neo-Imp, Cezanne. COLOR; interest in exoticism ex) Gaiger, “Expressionism and the Crisis of Subjectivity: The Fauves” ; James Herbert, “Painters and Tourists in the Classical Landscape”
Salon d’Automne
annual show in Paris since 1909
Primitive
style looking to “uncivilized” cultures (i.e Africa, Asia); The Fauves, Modernsohn-Becker
Der Blauer Reiter
Periodical created by Kandinsky; also group including Kandinsky, Kirchner, Marc;
F.T. Marinetti
leader of the Futurist movement; wrote multiple explosive manifestos describing what he wanted to accomplish with art, and politics
Orphism/Simultanism
focus on time; Delaunays. How sight, optics influence viewer experience; influenced by Neo-Imp (think Seurat, Pissarro) and how color theory by Chevreul (color wheel)
Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler
Ger. Gallery owner who represented Picasso and Braque; controlled the market on Cubism, “Cubism, the Avant-Garde and the Liberal Republic,” COTTINGTON
Cubism
Movement looking to fragmentary, geometric works. Picasso and Braque seen as the forerunners, though the salon cubists also played a (different) but important role. Cooper, Rosenblum, Cottington. Gallery (B & P) vs. Salon (Gleizes, Severini
Futurism
Italian art movement linked to politics, technology; the crowd as feminine, malleable (Poggi); the energy of the crowd to elicit political change
La Ruche
(beehive) Italians, Russians; pro-primitive; Chagal; Modigliani; Montparnasse neighborhood, low cost studio in 1910s-20s, especially immigrants
