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Micro 4 > export_bacterial std ii > Flashcards

export_bacterial std ii Flashcards

1
Q

Treponema pallidum features

A

Gram-negative spirochete
Motile

Microaerophilic

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2
Q

Spirochete structure

A

Gram-negative cytology
Flexible, peptidoglycan cell wall

Cell wall covered by an outer bilayered membrane

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3
Q

T. pallidum disease

A

Syphillis

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4
Q

T. pallidum diagnosis

A

Unable to observe with LM
Gram or Giemsa stain

Ab detection/serology most common method

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5
Q

Five kinds of syphillis

A

Primary
Secondary

Latent

Tertiary

Congenital

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6
Q

Primary syphillis

A

One or more painLESS skin lesions (chancres) at site of spirochete penetration
Inflammation

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7
Q

Secondary syphillis

A

Disseminated disease
Flulike syndrome

Prominent skin lesions (including palms and soles)

Condyloma lata

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8
Q

Condyloma lata

A

Raised lesions that may occur in skin folds

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9
Q

Latent syphilis

A

Asymptomatic period

Transmission possible from relapsing secondary lesions

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10
Q

Tertiary syphilis

A

Diffuse, chronic inflammation
Destruction of any tissue or organ

Granulomatous lesions (gummas)

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11
Q

Congenital syphilis

A

Transmission from mother to fetus
Presentation is similar to secondary syphilis in adult (rhinitis, maculopapular rash, late condyloma)

Teeth and bone malformation, blindness/deafness

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12
Q

Microbes that can pass from mother to fetus

A

ToRCHeS
Toxoplasma gondii

Rubella

CMV

HIV

HSV

Syphilis

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13
Q

Syphilis serology

A

Nontreponemal tests
Treponemal tests

Darkfield microscopy

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14
Q

Nontreponemal test for syphilis serology

A

Measures Ab against cardiolipin
Rapid plasma Reagin (RPR)

Venereal Disease Research Lab (VDRL)

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15
Q

Treponemal test for syphilis serology

A

Detect Ab specific to T. pallidum
FTA-ABS

MHA-TP

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16
Q

Syphilis treatment and prevention

A

Penicillin (doxycycline or azithromycin if allergic to penicillin)
Safe sex

17
Q

Most common cause of NGU

A

Chlamydia

Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum thought to contribute

18
Q

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma features

A

Smallest free-living bacteria
NO cell wall

Not stained with common methods

Pleomorphic

PM contains sterols

Extracellular

19
Q

M. genitalium

A

NGU in males/PID in females

RESIST doxycycline, but azithromycin is effective

20
Q

M. hominis

A

PID

Resists erythromycin, but doxycycline is effective

21
Q

Ureaplasma

A

Common cause of NGU in males, generally in those who are sexually active

22
Q

Ureaplasma treatment

A

Treated with doxycyline (also effective against Chlamydia)

If recurrent and doxycycline not helping, azithromycin or quinolones can be used

23
Q

Haemophilus features

A

Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacillus
Facultative anaerobe

Catalase +

Fastidious (require X factor = hemin and V factor = NAD)

24
Q

Haemophilis ducreyi symptoms

A

Tender papule that becomes painful

Inguinal lymphadenopathy

25
Q

H. ducreyi diagnosis and treatment

A

Syphilis and HIV must be excluded

Macrolide

26
Q

Klebsiella granulomatis disease

A

Donovanosis or Granuloma inguinale

27
Q

K. granulomatis features

A

Gram-negative rod, intracellular, encapsulated

28
Q

K. granulomatis symptoms

A

Wartlike primary lesions

Lesions are painless, but easily bleed

29
Q

K. granulomatis diagnosis

A

Rule out other causes

Presence of Donovan bodies

30
Q

K. granulomatis treatment

A

Prolonged use of tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, or erythromycin

31
Q

Painful, non-indurated lesion with Hx of recent travel

A

Chancroid

32
Q

Painless, indurated lesion, no travel Hx

A

Syphilis

33
Q

Painless, wartlike, indurated lesion that bleeds easily with Hx of recent travel

A

Donovanosis

Micro 4 (7 decks)

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