Exploring the Wines of Italy: Climate and Grape Varieties Flashcards
Discover key facts about Italian wines, their climate influences, and grape varieties with these engaging flashcards.
What is the overall climate of Northern Italy?
Moderate with dry, short summers
The Alps protect vineyards from harsh northern rains and cold winds, while the River Po and glacial lakes moderate temperatures.
Which areas in Northern Italy experience higher rainfall?
Coastal areas near the Adriatic Sea
Increased rainfall can lead to higher fungal risks.
What are the key regional climate variations in Northern Italy?
- Alto Adige: Cool, large diurnal range
- Trentino: Slightly warmer with protection from Lake Garda
- Veneto: Warm with moderate rainfall
- Piemonte: Continental climate with long, cold winters
Each region has its unique microclimate affecting grape growing.
What are the challenges faced by coastal vineyards in Northern Italy?
Fungal pressures due to higher humidity, hail, and frost
These factors can disrupt harvests, especially in Piemonte.
What types of soils are found in Alto Adige?
Limestone and granite soils
These soils aid drainage and enhance aromatic intensity.
What grape variety is primarily associated with Barolo and Barbaresco?
Nebbiolo
Known for high acidity, tannins, and aging potential.
What are the characteristics of Barbera grapes?
High acidity, low to medium tannins, red cherry flavors
Barbera can be made in fresh styles or aged in oak for complexity.
Fill in the blank: The principal grape variety in Soave is _______.
Garganega
Garganega wines typically have medium to high acidity and flavors of green apple.
What is the traditional viticulture practice used in Northern Italy?
Pergola System
This system protects grapes from sunburn and allows airflow to prevent rot.
What is the aging requirement for Barolo wines?
At least 3 years
Aging improves extraction techniques, resulting in smoother tannins.
What does DOCG stand for in Italian wine law?
Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita
It represents the highest quality designation with strict regulations.
Which grape is primarily used in the production of Amarone della Valpolicella?
Corvina
Amarone is known for bold, high-alcohol wines made using the passito method.
True or False: Prosecco is produced using the Glera grape.
True
Prosecco is fresh, fruity, and effervescent.
What are the notable grape varieties grown in Tuscany?
- Sangiovese
- Montepulciano
- International varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah)
Sangiovese is key for many Tuscany wines, particularly Chianti.
What is the main grape used in Brunello di Montalcino?
100% Sangiovese
Brunello is known for its power and longevity, requiring 5 years of aging.
What is Vin Santo?
A sweet dessert wine made from dried grapes
It is traditionally produced in Tuscany.
What are the key grape varieties in Campania?
- Fiano
- Greco
- Aglianico
These varieties produce a range of wines, including those with high acidity and rich flavors.
What is the principal grape variety in Aglianico del Vulture?
Aglianico
Aglianico is known for its deep color and high tannins.
What is the climate like in Puglia?
Extremely hot with low rainfall
Sea breezes provide cooling relief to vineyards.
What grape variety is known for producing fruity, approachable reds in Abruzzo?
Montepulciano
Premium wines often see short oak aging for added complexity.
What are the key characteristics of Italian white wines?
- Typically dry
- Light-bodied
- High in acidity
- Often unoaked
- Flavors include apple, pear, lemon, and lime
Over time, these wines can develop complex notes of honey and nuts.
What are the defining features of Italian red wines?
- High acidity
- Flavors of red cherry, red plum, and dried herbs
- Dusty tannin texture
These features create structured and food-friendly wines.
What is the topography and soil type in the region discussed?
Flat plains; traditional bush-trained vines, with modern cordon and trellising.
What are the characteristics of the Negroamaro grape variety?
Full-bodied, medium tannins, high alcohol, baked red and black fruit; best from Salice Salentino DOC.
