exploring epidemiological data and sources Flashcards
does public health use quantitative or qualitative data?
quantitative
why is qualitative data used in epidemiology
it can show association and causality , it can show the scale of the problem and identify frequency /patterns
what is measured
mortality rates(death) and morbidity rates(having the illness/disease)
what is the difference between prevalence and incidence
prevalence is all the number of cases and individuals in a specific population who have a disease at a point in time but incidence is all the new cases and the number of individuals developing the disease/ illness over a period of time
How is prevalence calculated
number of cases in the population at one time/total population at the same point in time x 100
how is incidence calculated
number of new cases at specified period of time ( take away one year from another to find it ) / size of population at the start of time period(of new) x1000
what is mortality and what are some sources of mortality?
its the state or being subject to death , mandatory registrations , routinley collected , death certificates etc.
why do we need to know cause of mortality and what are some causes
improve health and quality of life , increase life expectancy
ncd , cds. falls and accidents ,suicde
biggest is due to ischameic heart disease
define morbidity
a departure from a state of psychological or physiological well being
who were the 5 important people in epidemiology and what area did they specialise in ?
john snow- cholera
richard doll- lung cancer and smoking
Edward jenner - smallpox & vaccine
jerry morris - che and physical activity
robert koch - tuberculosis- cause and it’s bacterial
how is mortality calculated ?
no of deaths during a given tp/ no of person at risk of dying at same tp x 100,000
