Explorers

Question 1

Christopher Columbus

Answer 1

He was an Italian who sailed for Spain. Columbus was looking for a Northwest Passage to Asia, but he landed in the Caribbean Islands. He treated the natives poorly and spread diseases like smallpox among them. Columbian Exchange is when goods were moved around the world due to exploration.

Question 2

Vasco da Gama

Answer 2

Wanted to find a direct route to Asia by sailing around Africa. He wanted to make Portugal a wealthy country.

Question 3

John Cabot

Answer 3

From Italy and sailed for Britain. Landed in present day Newfoundland (Canada) and claimed all of North America for Britain.

Question 4

Ferdinand Magellan

Answer 4

2.8 Portuguese Explorers)
Sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean across the tip of Africa. His crew were the first to circumnavigate the world. (sail all the way around the world)

Question 5

Samuel de Champlain

Answer 5

Sailed for France and settled Quebec(fur trading post) in Canada. This is the first permanent settlement in America.

Question 6

Giovanni da Verrazzano

Answer 6

An Italian who sailed for France. As a result of his explorations map makers were able to chart North America from Florida all the way up to Maine.
Bridge in NYC is named after him.

Question 7

Henry Hudson

Answer 7

British explorer who sailed for England and the Dutch. Several locations are named after him such as the Hudson Bay and the Hudson River. Helped the Dutch discover NYC

Question 8

Hernán Cortés

Answer 8

Spanish Conquistadors
Led the conquest of the Aztecs in 1519. He brought disease and defeated the Aztecs with the use of weapons.

Question 9

Leif Eriksonn

Answer 9

Viking Explorers
From Scandinavia, sailed to Iceland and Greenland. Passed down history, but did not have written records. Thought to have been the first Europeans to find North America.

Question 10

Prince Henry the Navigator

Answer 10

Founded a school of navigation which led to the creation of the astrolabe and caravel.

Question 11

Primary Source

Answer 11

a document or object that tells you about an event from the time of the event. An example would be a journal, diary, or anything dated at the time of the event.

Question 12

Secondary Source:

Answer 12

a document, object, or text created by someone who explains a primary source to you. A great example of a secondary source is a textbook.

Question 13

Columbian Exchange

Answer 13

The trade of plants, animals, culture and diseases between the Old World (Eastern Hemisphere and the New World (Western Hemisphere)

Question 14

Mercantilism (The American Colonies)

Answer 14

The relationship between the mother country and the colonies. The colonies exist to make money for the mother country.

Question 15

Triangular Trade

Answer 15

The pattern of trade from the Europeans to Africa, Africa to the Americas and then from the Americas back to Europe

Question 16

Northwest Passage

Answer 16

An all water route from Europe around North America to Asia that many explorers searched for. - THIS DID NOT EXIST!

Question 17

Middle Passage

Answer 17

The long voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in the African slave trade, during which many Africans died from harsh treatment.

Question 18

Conquistadors

Answer 18

A Spanish adventurer who explored and conquered the America’s during the 1500’s.

Question 19

Smallpox

Answer 19

Disease spread by Columbus and the conquistadors that wiped out much of the native population.

Question 20

New Amsterdam (2.8 Dutch Explorers)

Answer 20

New Amsterdam was the “capital” of New Netherlands, a Dutch colony

Question 21

Caravel

Answer 21

Ships that used triangular sails to sail against the wind, and had rudders to improve steering.

Question 22

Astrolabe

Answer 22

A device which helped navigators to determine their ship’s latitude by charting the stars.

Question 23

Compass

Answer 23

A navigational tool that indicates direction using a magnetized needle or other element that points to magnetic north

Question 24

New England Colonies

Answer 24

Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire and Connecticut colonies - had long, cold winters and short growing seasons. The soil was rocky and difficult to farm. Trade, shipbuilding and fishing were the most common ways to make money.

Question 25

Middle Colonies

Answer 25

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware colonies - fertile soil, moderate climate. Grew mostly grains (Breadbasket) and was diverse culturally

Question 26

Southern Colonies

Answer 26

Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia colonies - had long growing seasons, warm climates and fertile soil. Trade developed and they grew rice, indigo (blue-purple dye), tobacco and cotton.

Question 27

How did the Spanish view themselves compared to the Native Americans? Why did they feel this way?

Answer 27

They felt like they were superior to the natives and that they could make them do whatever they wanted. The Spanish also had guns.

Question 28

What were the significant consequences of the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 28

New diseases that they didn’t have immunity to . Exchange of goods and spices, plants and animals.

Question 29

What motivated European explorers during the Age of Exploration?

Answer 29

God, Gold and Glory - each country wanted to be number 1!

Question 30

What are the causes and effects of the Age of Exploration?

Answer 30

Natives died, exchange of animals, food, supplies Improved ways to travel.