Exploration and mapping: Cook's voyages, 1768-79 Flashcards
Publicly, what was the objective of Cook’s first voyage, 1768-71?
To use the transit of Venus in front of the sun to measure the distance between earth and sun
However, what was the secret mission behind this voyage?
To lay claim to new lands, and discover new areas
what did he manage to complete, 1768-71?
A circumnavigation of the globe
what did the admiralty want to do?
lay claim to new lands
what did Cook eliminate from his crew?
what foods did he feed them in order to do this?
Scurvy
Vitamin-high foods such as pickled cabbage, dry pea soup
what did he prove the effectiveness of?
give an example of this
New technology
Charts he produced of the pacific remained in use until the 20th century
where did he establish British claim to new lands? (3)
Australia, NZ, the Pacific
what did he forestall by doing this?
this laid the basis for what
give an example of this
New territorial acquisitions by the French.
Future colonial expansion.
establishing a colony in NSW
Where did Cook manage to map?
Pacific coastlines, such as Terra Australis
How many different species of flora and fauna did Cook’s botanist discover on his first voyage?
15,000
What was created which allowed Cook to measure longitude?
Chronometer
what was the objective of his second mission?
To find out more about Australia
What was the objective of his third mission?
To find a Northwest passage that would lead from North Pacific to Atlantic
when and where was he killed?
1779, Hawaii, during his third mission
What did Charles Darwin’s voyages to the Galapagos Islands allow him to observe?
Islands that had not been effected by colonisation; to research how species had evolved -> theory of evolution
