Explaining Personality Flashcards
beliefs about the power we have over our lives; an external locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an internal locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes
Locus of Control
belief that one’s environment can determine behavior, but at the same time, people can influence the environment with both their thoughts and behaviors
reciprocal determinism
someone’s level of confidence in their own abilities
self-efficacy
Bandura’s theory of personality that emphasizes both cognition and learning as sources of individual differences in personality.
social-cognitive theory
state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar.
congruence
person we would like to be
ideal self
state of being in which there is a great discrepancy between our real and ideal selves.
incongruence
person who we actually are.
real selves
our thoughts and feelings about ourselves
self-concept
proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics.
heritability
how a person reacts to the world, including their activity level, starting when they are very young.
temperament
theory that personality is composed of five factors or traits, including openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism
Five factor model
people who tend to believe that independence, competition, and personal achievement are important.
Individualist cultures
people who tend to believe that social harmony, respectfulness and group needs over individual needs are important.
collectivist cultures
personality is also formed by individual choices and not determined by biology
Rogers and Maslow
