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C4.1-C4.2 > Explain how the reactivity of metals with water or dilute acids is related to tendency of the metal to form its positive ion > Flashcards

Explain how the reactivity of metals with water or dilute acids is related to tendency of the metal to form its positive ion Flashcards

1
Q

What is MASH

A

Metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

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2
Q
  • What is magnesium + hydrochloric acid
  • Word and symbol formula
A

magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

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3
Q

What depends of the rate of reaction between a metal and acid

A

Reactivity

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4
Q

What are the 4 common strong acids

A
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCL)
  • Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
  • Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
  • Nitric acid (HNO3)
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5
Q

What salt does HCl make

A

metal chloride

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6
Q

what salt does nitric acid give

A

metal nitrate

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7
Q

What salt does phosphoric acid make

A

metal phosphate

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8
Q

What salt does sulfuric acid make

A

metal sulfate

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9
Q

What type of reaction is there between a metal and an acid

A
  • Redox Reaction
  • When reduction and oxidation happen at the same time
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10
Q

What is the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid

Ionic equation

A
  • 2H+(aq) + Mg(s) → Mg2+(aq) + H2(g)
  • This ionic equation can be split into two half equations:
  • Mg(s) → Mg2+(aq) + 2e- (oxidation)
  • Mg forms +2 charge because it’s in group 2 and loses 2 electrons
  • 2H+(aq) + 2e- → H2(g) (reduction)
  • Hydrogen gains 2 electrons because it’s diatomic
  • Magnesium loses electrons and is oxidised
  • Hydrogen gain electrons and is reduced
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11
Q

What is OIL RIG

A
  • Oxidation is lost (of electrons )
  • Reduction is gain of electrons
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12
Q

What Ions do acids produce in aqueous solutions

A

H+

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13
Q

What is HCl in aqueous solution

A

HCl → H++Cl-

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14
Q

What is the ionic equation between hydrochloric acid and zinc

A
  1. Zn→Zn2+ + 2e-
  2. Zinc loses 2 electrons because it has 2 electrons in its outer shell so it is oxidised
  3. 2H+ + 2e- → H2
  4. Hydrogen gains 2 electrons and is reduced
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15
Q

Why is the reaction between magnesium and dilute acids very fast

A
  • Because it easily forms Mg2+ ions
  • Because it has a large atomic radius and is less strongly attracted to the nucleus
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16
Q

Why is the reaction between iron and a dilute acid slow

A
  • Iron less easily forms Fe2+ ions
  • Because it less readily gains 2 electrons because its more strongly attracted to the nucleus
17
Q

What is formed when a metal reacts with water

A
  • Metal hydroxide
  • hydrogen

C4.1-C4.2 (3 decks)

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