Explain How Body Water And Electrolyte Balance Is Maintained

Question 1

Explain how the kidney and nervous system play a role in responding to changes in osmotic pressure in blood (water balance and urine output)

Answer 1

Sensory nerves cells in the hypothalamus (osmoreceptors) respond to changes in the osmotic pressure of the blood.

Nerve impulses from the osmoreceptors control the posterior pituitary release of ADH

When osmotic pressure increases, ADH output is increased.
Water absorption by the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct is increased, reducing blood osmotic pressure and ADH output.

Question 2

Explain how the kidney and nervous system plays a role in responding to changes in blood volume (water balance and urine output)