Experiments

Question 1

Experiments

Answer 1

Studies where researchers assign treatments to cases to observe their effects. They are used to investigate relationships between variables.

Question 2

Controlling

Answer 2

Researchers assign treatments to cases and control for other differences in the groups to isolate the effect of the treatment. For example, ensuring all patients drink the same amount of water when taking a pill.

Question 3

Randomization

Answer 3

The process of randomly assigning cases to treatment groups to balance out uncontrollable variables and prevent accidental bias in a study.

Question 4

Replication

Answer 4

The practice of observing a large number of cases to improve the accuracy of results or repeating an entire study to verify findings.

Question 5

Blocking

Answer 5

Grouping individuals into blocks based on variables that may influence the response and then randomizing cases within each block to treatment groups. For example, splitting patients into low-risk and high-risk blocks before assigning treatments.

Question 6

Treatment Group

Answer 6

The group in a study that receives the treatment or intervention being tested, such as a new drug in a medical experiment.

Question 7

Control Group

Answer 7

The group in a study that does not receive the treatment or intervention, serving as a baseline for comparison with the treatment group.

Question 8

Blind

Answer 8

A study is blind when participants are kept unaware of whether they are in the treatment or control group, preventing their knowledge from influencing the results.

Question 9

Placebo Effect

Answer 9

A slight but real improvement in patients caused by their belief that they are receiving a treatment, even when they are not.

Question 10

Double-Blind

Answer 10

A study design in which both participants and the researchers interacting with them are unaware of who is receiving the treatment or placebo, reducing bias in the results.