Experiments Flashcards
Causality is (and conditions) …
Relationship between two parameters, where the first one causes the second one (condition and consequence). Concomitant variation, time order, control of other factors are the conditions.
Concomittant variation (correlation) is …
How the condition and consequence vary, which is predicted by the hypothesis
Extraneous variables are …
Other variables, except for the independent, that affect the response of the test
Internal validity is …
Whether the manipulated independent variable caused the observed effects on the dependent variable - control the extraneous variable
External validity is …
Can the cause-and-effect relationship be generalized
Mortality (MO) is …
The loss of test units while the experiment is in progress
Extraneous variables can be controlled by …
Randomization, matching, statistical control, design control
Randomization is …
Random assignment of test units to the groups
Matching is …
Before assigning test units to treatment conditions, they are compared to a set of key background variables
Statistical control is …
Measuring and adjusting the extraneous variables through statistical analysis
Design control is …
Use the designed experiments to control a set extraneous variables
Pre-experiment means …
NO control of extraneous factors, NO randomization. Includes one-shot case study, one group pretest-posttest, static group
True experimental design is …
Randomization. Includes pretest-posttest control group, posttest-only control group
Quasi-experimental design is …
Not possible to get full manipulation. Includes time series, multiple time series
Statistical design is …
A series of basic experiments that allows control of external variables. Includes randomized blocks, latin square, factorial design
