Experimental + Separation Techniques Flashcards
SEP : insoluble solid + Liquid
Filtration
SEP : Solid( Solute) dissolved in liquid (solvent)
To obtain Solute -> Crystallization , Evaporation to dryness
To obtain solvent ->Simple Distillation
SEP : One solid soluble in a solvent while another solid is not
Use a suitable solvent -> Then filtration
SEP : One solid that sublimes and one does not
Sublimnation
SEP : Miscible Liquids
Fraction distillation
SEP : Immiscible liquids
Separating funnel
When to use crystallisation / Evaporation to dryness
Crystallisation -> Salts that DECOMPOSE upon heating
Evaporation to dryness -> Salts that DO NOT DECOMPOSE upon heating
Accuracy of Burette
2 D.p
+- 0.5
Accuracy of a pipette
Measures fixed volumes very accurately
1 D.P
What apparatus should be used for heating
Boiling tube / Test tube
What should NOT be used for strong heating of solids
Conical flasks and beakers `
What is the purpose of adding boiling chips
“Bumping” may occur if boiling chips are not used and may result in chemicals spurting out
What is the difference between Simple Distillation and fractional distillation
Simple distillation is used to separate the solvent from the solution .
- F.Distillation is used to separate a liquid from another miscible liquid with different boiling points
Use of fractionating column
Provides larger surface area → for liquid to be condensed , makes distillation of the two liquids more efficient
Why is the flow of water in a condenser water in at the bottom :
To allow for most of the gas to condense into liquid and to prevent condensed droplets from evaporating .
