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Experimental Psychology > Experimental Psychology > Flashcards

Experimental Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of psychological research strategies?

A

Descriptive research
Predictive research
Explanatory research

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2
Q

What kind of psychological research is used for experimental method?

A

Explanatory research

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3
Q

What is kurtosis?

A

The shape of the distribution

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4
Q

If I have a set of ordinal data that included extreme score, which measure of enteral tendency should be used?

A

The median

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5
Q

What are the two comparisons made in a one sample z-score?

A

Comparing a group to a population

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6
Q

What is a disadvantage as using the mean as a measure of central tendency?

A

It is effected by extreme scores

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7
Q

Estimates of the mean, median, mode and standard deviation for the population are known as what?

A

Parameters

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8
Q

Describe the mean absolute deviance?

A

How far away a particular score is from the mean, but does not included a direction

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9
Q

Describe a population?

A

The set of scores we are interested in on any given variable

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10
Q

What are the types of non probability samples?

A

Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Purpose sampling
Snowball sampling

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11
Q

What is standard error?

A

The standard deviation of a large group of means.

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12
Q

What is a confident interval?

A

A range in which the parameter is likely to fall into. Usually around 95%

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13
Q

What is power?

A

The probability of correctly rejection a false null hypothesis

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14
Q

What is the sampling distribution of the mean?

A

The distribution you would get if you drew an infinite number of samples for the population and calculated the mean for each

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15
Q

What is the only time when z-scores should be used?

A

When the population mean and standard deviation are known.

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16
Q

How do you calculate standard deviation for a t-test?

A

By making an estimate based on our sample standard deviation.

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17
Q

What are degrees of freedom?

A

Where the sample size is compared against the t-table

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18
Q

Describe what a z score is

A

A mean score versus the population mean, relative to the population standard deviation

19
Q

What is the difference between a one sample t test and a paired sample t test?

A

One sample t test compares two scores. A paired samples t test compares the difference between two scores, as the same people are measured twice

20
Q

What is the difference between an independent samples t test and a paired samples t test?

A

An independent samples t test is the means of group one versus the mean of group two. A paired samples t test it the difference is score pre and post.

21
Q

What types of data are used for parametric tests?

A

Interval or ratio data

22
Q

Describe the central limit theorem

A
  • Is what is used to find the mean and standard deviation of the sample distribution.
23
Q

How does central limit theorem explain how to calculate the standard deviation of the sample distribution?

A

The standard deviation of a sample distribution is the population standard deviation, divided by the square root of N

24
Q

What is standard error of the mean?

A

The standard distribution of the sampling distribution of the mean

25
Q

Explains the conceptual model of the one way between subjects ANOVA.

A

You = the population mean + the effective of the treatment group + the difference between your score and the group mean (part special to you)

26
Q

When would you conduct a one way ANOVA?

A

When your IV had more than two levels

27
Q

Describe MS error

A

Is an estimate of the population variance, which is not affected by the null hypothesis

28
Q

Describe MS treatment?

A

Another measure of population variance, however assumes that the null hypothesis is true. Also includes the effect of the treatment

29
Q

How is the F value calculated?

A

MS treatment divided by MS error

30
Q

How is eta-squared calculate?

A

SS treatment divided by SS total (on SPSS output)

31
Q

What are the two types of post hoc tests used in this unit

A

S-N-K and Scheffe

32
Q

Describe familywise error rate

A

The higher probability of a type 1 error when running many comparisons

33
Q

When does cohens D need to be calculated?

A

In an independent samples t-test

34
Q

Describe a one way repeated measures ANOVA

A

When there are more than two or more levels of one IV and it is manipulated within subjects

35
Q

What is the most significant advantage of using a one way repeated measures ANOVA?

A

It is easier to find a significant difference by measure the same people twice

36
Q

What is the difference in error rates between one way between subject ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA?

A

Error size can be reduced in a repeated measures ANOVA, by removing the contribution made by individual differences

37
Q

Describe the structural model of a one way repeated measures ANOVA

A

Score = overall mean + the fact that they’re measures twice + the effect of the condition they’re in + the bit that is specific for that person AT that treatment level

38
Q

What does individual difference refer to in a one way repeated measures ANOVA

A

Because we are able to measure people twice, we can calculated characteristics that are specific to them

39
Q

The variation between one group of scores should be approximately equal to the variability of any other group of scores. What is this?

A

Sphericity

40
Q

Describe a factorial ANOVA

A

For experimental designs that have more than one IV

41
Q

What are the three types of factorial ANOVAs

A

Between subjects
Within subjects
Mixed

42
Q

How many levels of MS treatment are calculated in a between groups factorial ANOVA with two IV’s

A

3 - one for each IV and another for the interaction

43
Q

What is used to follow up a significant interaction

A

Syntax (MANOVA)

44
Q

What follow up test would be used for a factorial mixed groups ANOVA when the interaction was significant

A

The file would be split, and a t test would be conducted if the IV only had two levels. If it had more levels a one way ANOVA

Experimental Psychology (1 decks)

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