Experimental method/design

Question 1

What is a lab experiment

Answer 1

Carried out in a controlled environment

Question 2

What are strengths of lab experiments

Answer 2

• Control of extraneous variables
• Replicability
• High control

Question 3

What are limitations of lab expermients

Answer 3

• demand characteristics and investigator affects or more likely to affect results
• Low ecological ability -carried in a lab and is not like real life

Question 4

What is a field experiment

Answer 4

carried out in a real world setting experimenter manipulates the IV

Question 5

What are strengths of a field experiment

Answer 5

• High ecological validity, in a real world setting
• Reduction of demand characteristics - ppts are unaware away

Question 6

What are limitations of a field experiment

Answer 6

• Low control over extraneous variables
• Difficult to replicate
• Unethical

Question 7

What is a natural experiment

Answer 7

IV and DV occur naturally and the researcher simply measure the DV

Question 8

What are strengths of a natural experiment

Answer 8

• high ecological validity
• no demand characteristics
• ethical

Question 9

What are limitations of a natural experiment

Answer 9

• low control over extraneous variables
• difficult to replicate

Question 10

What is a quasi experiment

Answer 10

the IV is pre existing (gender, age etc) but the DV is manipulated
- take place under a controlled environment and the task is manipulated by the researcher

Question 11

Wat are strengths of quasi experiments

Answer 11

• control over extraneous variables
• replicability

Question 12

What are limitations of quasi experiments

Answer 12

• low ecological validity
• lower control than labs

Question 13

What is independent groups design

Answer 13

Different ppts are used for each condition

Question 14

What are stregnths of independent groups design

Answer 14

• no order effects
• demand characteristics are less likely
• same stimuli an be used for both conditions
• less time consuming to conduct the study

Question 15

What are limitations of independent groups design

Answer 15

• ppt variables may confound results
• more time consuming to gather a sample

Question 16

What is random allocation

Answer 16

A way to randomly place ppts into each group to remove researcher bias and ppt variables

Question 17

What is repeated measures design

Answer 17

the same ppts complete both conditions

Question 18

What are strengths of repeated measures design

Answer 18

• ppt variables cant confound results
• less time consuming to select ppts

Question 19

What are limitations of repeated measures design

Answer 19

• demand characteristics are more likely
• can’t use the same stimulus for all ppts
• more time consuming to conduct the study
• order effects

Question 20

What is counterbalancing

Answer 20

a way to reduce order effects
- ppts will be randomly allocated to groups A and B then they will swap and do the other condition

Question 21

What are order effects

Answer 21

factors that may improve/reduce ppts performance
(boredom, fatigue, practice)

Question 22

What is matched pairs design

Answer 22

ppts are paired on relevant variables and one from each pair will do each condition

Question 23

How are ppts matched

Answer 23

ppts may do an assessment and those with the two highest scores will be paired and so on

Question 24

What are strengths of matches pairs design

Answer 24

• ppts variables are less likely
• no order effects
• no demand characteristic
  same stimuli can be used
• less time consuming to conduct study

Question 25

What are limitations of matched pairs design

Answer 25

• time consuming to match ppts
• time consuming to gather sample