Experimental Designs Flashcards
What is a repeated measures design?
The same participants are involved in each condition of the study.
Name 2 strengths of a repeated measures design.
-Participant variables are less likely to impact the results because since the same participants are involved any individual differences will cancel out.
-Practical and convenient because a smaller sample is needed for a repeated measures design.
Name 2 weaknesses of a repeated measures design.
-Order effects (practise/fatigue effect) more likely to occur because the same participants are involved in each condition.
-Participants are more likely to respond to demand characteristics, since they’re exposed to each IV condition and would have the ability to guess the aim of the study.
What is an independent measures design?
Different participants are involved in each condition of the study.
Name 2 strengths of an independent measures design.
-Order effects (practise/fatigue effect) are less likely to influence the findings as the participants are only involved in one condition.
-Participants are less likely to respond to demand characteristics since they are only exposed to one IV condition, and will be less likely to guess the aim of the study.
Name 2 weaknesses of an independent measures design.
-Participant variables are more likely to influence your findings. Since participants are only exposed to one condition, any individual differences will become obvious and will not be cancelled out.
-Not practical and economical since a greater sample is needed to use this design.
What is a matched pairs design?
Participants are exposed to one condition, however the researcher will pair participants based on any similar characteristics that they may share, which the researcher believes could influence the results.
Name 2 strengths of a matched pairs design.
-Order effects (practise/fatigue effect) are less likely to influence the results because participants are only exposed to one condition.
-Participant variables are less likely to influence findings since participants are matched on any similar characteristics they may share, meaning individual differences are cancelled out.
Name a weakness of a matched pairs design.
-Since participants are paired, any participant who is not paired will be cut from the results. Their involvement could have had a drastic impact on the results.
