Experimental design

Question 1

Between-subject (independent group)

Answer 1

allocate Ps to random groups: 1 is experimental (IV change), 2 is control group (baseline to compare)

-> true experimental

Question 2

Within-subject (repeated measure)

Answer 2

all Ps go through all levels of the IVs

Question 3

What is risk to result when conducting between-subject design? + solution

Answer 3

Individual differences
-> solution: random allocation
=> error variance across all levels of IVs

Question 4

What is risk to result when conducting within-subject design? + solution

Answer 4

Order effect
-> counterbalancing OR
-> pre-test post-test control group (if counterbalancing not possible)

Question 5

Mixed design (features)

Answer 5

• Use both between-subjects and within-subjects in the experiment
• At least two level of the IV

Question 6

Methodological triangulation

Answer 6

Using multiple research methods to research a construct
e.g. do questionnaire THEN go through observation/interview

Question 7

Quasi-experimental design

Answer 7

Sub-type of independent group design

allocate Ps to groups based on their characteristics (that cannot be altered for the sake of experiment)
-> problems with individual differences

Question 8

Developmental design

Answer 8

Experiments use to measure innate change in Ps (age as main focus)
- cross-sectional: different age cohorts is being tested ONE TIME
- longitudinal: follow Ps as they age with repeated testing