EXPERIMENT 7 IDENTIFICATION OF PHENOLS AND ALCOHOLS Flashcards
Specific groups of atoms in an organic molecule can determine its physical and chemical properties
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
hydrocarbons, which contain the functional group -OH, the hydroxyl group, are called
ALCOHOLS
Most widely used alcohols are
METHANOL OR METHYL ALCOHOL, ETHANOL OR ETHYL ALCOHOL, 2-PROPANOL OR ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF METHANOL
CH3OH
STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF ETHANOL
CH3CH2OH
STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF 2-PROPANOL OR ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
(CH3)2CHOH
found in automotive products such as antifreeze and “dry gas”
METHYL ALCOHOL
solvent for drugs and chemicals; alcoholic beverages
ETHYL ALCOHOL
rubbing alcohol or antiseptic
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
(TRUE/FALSE) Phenols tend to be more acidic than alcohols.
TRUE
(TRUE/FALSE) Concentrated solutions of the compound alcohol are quite toxic and can cause severe skin burns.
FALSE (phenol)
Phenol derivative that is used to kill fungi and hookworms
THYMOL
solvents for paints, shellacs and varnishes
METHANOL
solvents for paints, shellacs and varnishes
METHANOL
alcoholic beverages; solvent for medicines, perfumes
ETHANOL
astringent; for cosmetics and skin creams
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
antifreeze
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
sweetening agent; solvent for medicine lubricant; moistening agent
GLYCEROL (GLYCERIN)
antiseptic; clean surgical and medical instruments
PHENOL (CARBOLIC ACID)
flavoring agent (vanilla)
VANILLIN
irritant in poison ivy
TETRAHYDROURUSHIOL
(TRUE/FALSE) Compounds containing hydroxyl group are polar, such as alcohols and phenols
TRUE
(TRUE/FALSE) The polarity of the hydroxyl group, coupled with its ability to form hydrogen bonds, enable alcohols and phenols to mix with water.
TRUE
a mixture of zinc chloride (ZnCl2)
LUCAS REAGENT
Alcohols react with Lucas reagent, in concentrated HCl to form
ALKYL CHLORIDES
(TRUE/FALSE) Alkyl chlorides are soluble.
FALSE (INSOLUBLE)
a test used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols since this reaction takes place with different rates depending on the class of the alcohol
LUCAS TEST
Upon the addition of Lucas reagent, a ______________ reacts rapidly and gives an insoluble white layer within 5 minutes
TERTIARY ALCOHOL
reacts slowly and gives the white layer within 20 to 30 minutes, usually with slight heating
SECONDARY ALCOHOL
No reaction upon the addition of Lucas reagent
PRIMARY ALCOHOL
(TRUE/FALSE) Any formation of a heterogenous phase or appearance of an emulsion is a negative test.
FALSE (POSITIVE TEST)
a strong oxidizing agent and can oxidize primary and secondary alcohols
CHROMIC ACID
This test enables to distinguish primary and secondary alcohols from tertiary alcohols
CHROMIC ACID TEST
primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids using
ACIDIFIED DICHROMATE SOLUTION
Secondary alcohols are oxidized to
KETONES
(TRUE/FALSE) In chromic acid test, tertiary alcohols are not oxidized.
TRUE
(TRUE/FALSE) In the oxidation, the brown-red color of chromic acid changes to a blue-green solution.
TRUE
Only ethyl alcohol and alcohols with the part structure CH3CH(OH) react. These alcohols react with iodine in aqueous sodium hydroxide to give the yellow precipitate iodoform.
IODOFROM TEST
Phenol is also called __________
CARBOLIC ACID
phenol is an acid and it reacts with base
ACIDITY OF PHENOL
Addition of aqueous ferric chloride to a phenol gives a colored solution.
FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST
(TRUE/FALSE) Depending on the structure of the phenol, the color can vary from yellow to purple.
FALSE (green to purple)
enumerate the substances involved in experiment 7
1-butanol, 2-butanol, t-butyl, phenol and unknown
(TRUE/FALSE) A purple color in Ferric chloride test indicates the presence of a phenol.
TRUE
Tests involved in testing the Chemical Properties of alcohols and phenols
LUCAS TEST,
CHROMIC ACID TEST,
IODOFORM TEST,
FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST
