Experiment 7: Distillation Flashcards
What are the two types of distillation techniques used in lab?
simple and fractionsl
What can distillation be used for?
- to separate mixtures containing one or more volatile component
- to separate solvents based on the vapor pressures
- to remove a volatile liquid from a non-volatile product
The boiling point of liquid A is 80°C and that of liquid B is 110°C. Which type of distillation would you consider most suitable to separate a mixture of these two liquids?
simple (significant difference between boiling points)
When is fractional distillation more favorable than simple?
to separate solvents whose boiling point difference range is small (10°C or less)
True or False: Simple distillation is less efficient than fractional distillation.
True
What is the difference in how fractional distillation is set up vs. simple?
Fractional distillation utilizes a fractioning column while simple distillation does not.
Is the set up for distillation closed or open?
open; if heating a closed system, it could explode
Which piece(s) of glassware does a fractional distillation apparatus setup have that a simple distillation setup does not?
fractioning column
What data is recorded and graphed in the distillation experiment?
vapor temperature vs. total volume of distillate (material collected in the receiver flasks)
What substance is collected in fraction 1 in the distillation experiment?
the substance with a lower boiling point
What substance is collected in fraction 2 in the distillation experiment?
mixture of both lower and higher boiling point substances
What substance is collected in fraction 3 in the distillation experiment?
the substance with a higher boiling point
Should you distill to dryness?
no
When do you change your receiver flask?
when the temperature levels off
What is the interval of data collection in the distillation experiment?
every milliliter of distillate collected
