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Biochem Lab > Experiment #12: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS > Flashcards

Experiment #12: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS Flashcards

1
Q

Acrolein test

A

Test for the presence of glycerol in a molecule

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2
Q

A strong acid and a strong dehydrating reagent

A

Potassium bisulfate

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3
Q

When potassium bisulfate is heated with fat

A

Hydrolysis occurs

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4
Q

The glycerol produced is dehydrated to form

A

Acrolein

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5
Q

General formula of Acrolein

A

CH2=CHCHO

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6
Q

The reaction between ______ and _________ results in _________

A

Glycerol, potassium hydrogen sulfate (potassium bisulfate), acrolein formation

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7
Q

The acrolein formation is characterized physically by the release of

A

Pungent smell

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8
Q

Has alcohol functional group

A

Glycerol

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9
Q

Also called glycerine

A

Glycerol

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10
Q

Characteristics of glycerol

A

Colorless, odorless, viscous liquid, sweet tasting, non-toxic

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11
Q

Glycerol backbone found in lipids

A

Glycerides

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12
Q

Glycerol( positive control)

A

Positive with glycerol

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13
Q

Coconut oil

A

Positive with glycerol

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14
Q

Canola oil

A

Positive with glycerol

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15
Q

Butter

A

Positive with glycerol

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16
Q

Lard

A

Positive with glycerol

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17
Q

Test to determine the unsaturation of the oil (with atleast one double bond)

A

Bromine test

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18
Q

2 types of lipids

A

Saturated & Unsaturated

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19
Q

Saturated

A

Solid at room temperature

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20
Q

Liquid at room temperature

A

Unsaturated

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21
Q

Higher is the degree of unsaturation

A

Unsaturated

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22
Q

Lower is the temperature to liquefy it

A

Unsaturated

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23
Q

______ can react with_____ like_____ or _____ due to the presence of

A

Unsaturated fatty acid, halogens, bromine, iodine, double bonds

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24
Q

Bromine goes into the solution forming a______

A

Dibromide

25
Q

If there is presence of double bonds, the bromine solution will______

A

Decolorize

26
Q

Absence of double bonds, it imparts its______

A

Own colors

27
Q

If your sample contains ______, it will ______ with _____ and the ____color of bromine will _______

A

no double bonds, not react, bromine, yellow, not disappear

28
Q

Even if only ____ drop of bromine is added. If the sample contains _____ bonds, it will react with the added bromine and the ______ color will_____

A

One, double, yellow, disappear

29
Q

The _____ double bonds present in the sample , the more____ will be needed to react with the sample

A

more, bromine

30
Q

The ____ color of bromine remains in the solution when all the double bonds have_____

A

yellow, reacted

31
Q

Oleic acid

A

2 drops of iodine, unsaturated

32
Q

3 drops of iodine, saturated

A

Coconut oil

33
Q

Canola oil

A

2 drops of iodine, unsaturated

34
Q

18 drops of iodine, saturated

A

Butter

35
Q

20 drops of iodine, saturated

A

Lard

36
Q

Has one double bonds

A

Oleic acid

37
Q

One double bonds

A

Canola oil

38
Q

Unsaturated fats are____ than saturated fats

A

Healthier

39
Q

Benefits of unsaturated fats

A

Improve blood cholesterol levels, ease inflammation, stabilize heart rhythms

40
Q

Saturated fats can cause ______, which increases the risk of_______ and _____

A

Bad LDL cholesterol, heart disease, stroke

41
Q

Saturated fats are _____ and can cause fatty deposits in blood vessels

A

Solid

42
Q

Fatty Acids

A

Long chain of carboxylic acids (unbranched)

43
Q

General formula of lauric acid

A

CH3 (CH2)10COOH

44
Q

Major component of coconut oil

A

Lauric acid

45
Q

Lauric acid is ____ fatty acid

A

Saturated

46
Q

Formic acid

A

The simplest carboxylic acid

47
Q

Secreted by ants and bees

A

Formic acid

48
Q

All carboxylic acid have_____

A

COOH

49
Q

Carboxylic acid that can be found at home

A

Vinegar

50
Q

Organic acid

A

CH3 COOH

51
Q

a chemical reaction that occurs when a vegetable oil or animal fat (triglycerides, ester) mixed with a strong alkali (NaOH, KOH)

A

Saponification

52
Q

The products of the reaction of saponification

A

Soap(fatty acid and salt) and glycerol (free alcohol)

53
Q

The soap produced can be_____ by adding ______ solution, if necessary

A

Precipitated, concentrated sodium chloride

54
Q

gives “hard soap”

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

55
Q

gives “soft” soap or liquid soap because of its greater solubility

A

Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

56
Q

Soaps are______,_______,_____ and even can lower the surface__________

A

Cleansing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, tension of water

57
Q

Mineral salts of fatty acids

A

Soap

58
Q

The soap is _____ in water but _____ in ether

A

Soluble, Insoluble

59
Q

Soap works on ________ of oils and fats in the water as it works to reduce the _______ of the solution

A

Emulsification, attraction surface

Biochem Lab (6 decks)

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